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Testimony on the 2023 Basic Education Funding Commission Survey

Director Matthew Knittel provided testimony to the Basic Education Funding Commission on the results from the 2023 Basic Education Funding Commission Survey.

The IFO response to questions raised at the BEFC hearing can be found here.

Tags: basic, education, survey

Economic and Budget Update Presentation

The IFO presented on the Commonwealth's economic and budget outlook at a session of the Pennsylvania education Policy and Leadership Center. 

04/05/2024

Testimony on the 2023 Basic education Funding Commission Survey

Director Matthew Knittel provided testimony to the Basic education Funding Commission on the results from the 2023 Basic education Funding Commission Survey. The IFO response to questions raised at the BEFC hearing can be found here.

12/15/2023

PSEA Wage Contract Analysis

This letter provides a fiscal impact analysis of the collective bargaining agreement between the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the Pennsylvania State education Association (PSEA), Non-Tenured Teachers Unit.

12/14/2023

CIVEA Wage Contract Analysis

This letter provides a fiscal impact analysis of the collective bargaining agreement between the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the Correctional Institution Vocational education Association (CIVEA).

10/26/2023

Property Tax Burden By County

This research brief uses (1) income data from the Bureau of Economic Analysis and the Internal Revenue Service and (2) property tax data from the Pennsylvania Department of education and Department of Community and Economic Development to estimate county-level property tax burdens across the state for 2021. 

08/22/2023

Property Tax Burden by County

This research brief uses (1) income data from the Bureau of Economic Analysis and the Internal Revenue Service and (2) property tax data from the Pennsylvania Department of education and Department of Community and Economic Development to estimate county-level property tax burdens across the state for 2020. 

09/06/2022

Student Loan Debt Forgiveness

The IFO published a research brief that uses a national analysis from the Penn Wharton Budget Model and data from the U.S. Department of education to estimate the impact on Pennsylvania borrowers from student loan debt relief and other proposed changes to the federal program.

08/31/2022

Department of Human Services - Part 3

Act 48 of 2017 requires the Independent Fiscal Office (IFO) to develop performance-based budget plans for all agencies under the Governor’s jurisdiction once every five years. For the fourth year, the IFO reviewed the Departments of Aging, Agriculture, education, Human Services (Part 3), Labor and Industry and the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. Click on the link to access the performance-based budget review for the Department of Human Services (Part 3).  Approved by the PBB Board on January 25, 2022.   The report was updated on May 4, 2022 to include addenda to Activity 1, 7 and 10.   

05/04/2022

Department of education

Act 48 of 2017 requires the Independent Fiscal Office (IFO) to develop performance-based budget plans for all agencies under the Governor’s jurisdiction once every five years. For the fourth year, the IFO reviewed the Departments of Aging, Agriculture, education, Human Services (Part 3), Labor and Industry and the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission.  Click on the link to access the performance-based budget review for the Department of education. Tabled by the PBB Board on January 26, 2022. The report was updated on January 31, 2022 for technical changes on pages 10, 15 and 16. The report was updated on April 26, 2022. The amended report includes additions requested by the PBB Board on March 9, 2022. The board’s request can be viewed here: http://www.ifo.state.pa.us//Resources/Documents/PBB_Board_Amend_03_09_22.pdf The underlying data for the dot plots can be viewed here: http://www.ifo.state.pa.us//Resources/Documents/DotPlotData.xlsx Approved by the PBB Board on May 25, 2022. 

04/27/2022

Department of Aging

Act 48 of 2017 requires the Independent Fiscal Office (IFO) to develop performance-based budget plans for all agencies under the Governor’s jurisdiction once every five years. For the fourth year, the IFO reviewed the Departments of Aging, Agriculture, education, Human Services (Part 3), Labor and Industry and the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. Click on the link to access the performance-based budget review for the Department of Aging. Approved by the PBB Board on January 25, 2022. The report was updated on April 26, 2022 to include an addendum to Activity 1. 

04/26/2022

PBB Overview Presentation for PDE

IFO presentation of Performance-Based Budget overview and agency highlights for the Pennsylvania Department of education is posted on the website.

03/09/2022

Economic and Budget Update Presentation

Deputy Director Brenda Warburton presented on the Commonwealth’s economic and budget outlook at a session of the Pennsylvania education Policy and Leadership Center. The presentation was updated on March 18, 2022 for a technical change on slide 30.

03/04/2022

PBB Overview Presentation for PDE and Agriculture

IFO presentation of Performance-Based Budget overview and agency highlights for the Pennsylvania Department of education and the Department of Agriculture is posted on the website.

01/26/2022

Tax Credit Reviews

IFO presentation of the Mixed-Use Development, Brewers’, Coal Refuse Energy and Reclamation and educational Tax Credit Reviews.

01/24/2022

Mixed-Use Development Tax Credit

Act 48 of 2017 requires the Independent Fiscal Office (IFO) to review all state tax credits over a five-year period. For the fourth year, the IFO reviewed the Brewers', Coal Refuse Energy and Reclamation, educational and Mixed-Use Development Tax Credits. Click on the link to access the Mixed-Use Development Tax Credit Report.

01/20/2022

Brewers' Tax Credit

Act 48 of 2017 requires the Independent Fiscal Office (IFO) to review all state tax credits over a five-year period. For the fourth year, the IFO reviewed the Brewers', Coal Refuse Energy and Reclamation, educational and Mixed-Use Development Tax Credits. Click on the link to access the Brewers’ Tax Credit Report.

01/20/2022

educational Tax Credits

Act 48 of 2017 requires the Independent Fiscal Office (IFO) to review all state tax credits over a five-year period. For the fourth year, the IFO reviewed the Brewers', Coal Refuse Energy and Reclamation, educational and Mixed-Use Development Tax Credits. Click on the link to access the educational Tax Credits Report.

01/20/2022

Department of Agriculture

Act 48 of 2017 requires the Independent Fiscal Office (IFO) to develop performance-based budget plans for all agencies under the Governor’s jurisdiction once every five years. For the fourth year, the IFO reviewed the Departments of Aging, Agriculture, education, Human Services (Part 3), Labor and Industry and the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission.  Click on the link to access the performance-based budget review for the Department of Agriculture. Approved by the PBB Board on January 26, 2022.   The report was updated on January 26, 2022 for technical changes on pages 20 and 21.  

01/20/2022

Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission

Act 48 of 2017 requires the Independent Fiscal Office (IFO) to develop performance-based budget plans for all agencies under the Governor’s jurisdiction once every five years. For the fourth year, the IFO reviewed the Departments of Aging, Agriculture, education, Human Services (Part 3), Labor and Industry and the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. Click on the link to access the performance-based budget review for the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commision. Approved by the PBB Board on January 24, 2022.  

01/20/2022

Department of Labor and Industry

Act 48 of 2017 requires the Independent Fiscal Office (IFO) to develop performance-based budget plans for all agencies under the Governor’s jurisdiction once every five years. For the fourth year, the IFO reviewed the Departments of Aging, Agriculture, education, Human Services (Part 3), Labor and Industry and the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. Click on the link to access the performance-based budget review for the Department of Labor and Industry. Approved by the PBB Board on January 24, 2022.  

01/20/2022

Coal Refuse Energy and Reclamation Tax Credit

Act 48 of 2017 requires the Independent Fiscal Office (IFO) to review all state tax credits over a five-year period. For the fourth year, the IFO reviewed the Brewers', Coal Refuse Energy and Reclamation, educational and Mixed-Use Development Tax Credits. Click on the link to access the Coal Refuse Energy and Reclamation Tax Credit Report.

01/20/2022

Property Tax Burden by County

This research brief uses (1) income data from the Bureau of Economic Analysis and the Internal Revenue Service and (2) property tax data from the Pennsylvania Department of education and Department of Community and Economic Development to estimate and rank county-level property tax burdens across the state for 2019. Note: This research brief was originally posted on 8/17/2021. It has been updated to include a map that displays school district property tax burdens by county. 

08/25/2021

Senate Budget Hearing Request

The Independent Fiscal Office (IFO) responded to several questions raised at the office's budget hearing before the Senate Appropriations Committee. The questions relate to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on employment based on gender, net domestic migration for Pennsylvania and border states, and education sector employment for Pennsylvania and border states.

04/09/2021

Economic and Budget Update Presentation

Deputy Director Brenda Warburton gave a presentation at a session of the Pennsylvania education Policy Fellowship Program regarding the Commonwealth's economic and budget outlook.

02/19/2021

PSEA Wage Contract Analysis

This letter provides a fiscal impact analysis of the collective bargaining agreement between the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the Pennsylvania State  education Association (PSEA), Non-Tenured Teachers Unit.

07/02/2020

Economic and Budget Update Presentation

Director Matthew Knittel gave a presentation at a session of the Pennsylvania education Policy Fellowship Program regarding the Commonwealth's economic and budget outlook.

02/28/2020

CIVEA Wage Contract Analysis

This letter provides a fiscal impact analysis of the collective bargaining agreement between the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the Correctional Vocational education Association (CIVEA).

02/27/2020

School District Property Tax Forecast

This report contains the IFO's forecasted school district property tax collections from FY 2018-19 through FY 2024-25. The report also contains projections of the Act 1 index and estimates of school district property taxes that can be attributed to homesteads. Total school property tax collections for FY 2018-19 ($15.0 billion) and FY 2019-20 ($15.3 billion) are estimated using millage rates published by the Pennsylvania Department of education and property tax assessment data. For FY 2020-21 through FY 2024-25, collections are projected based on the statutory, economic and structural factors that affect growth rates of property taxes. During that period, total school property tax collections are projected to grow at an average annual rate of 3.9 percent, reaching $18.6 billion by FY 2024-25.

02/06/2020

FOSCEP Wage Contract Analysis

This letter provides a fiscal impact analysis of the collective bargaining agreement between the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the Federation of State Cultural and educational Professionals (FOSCEP).

10/11/2019

Migration Data by Age Group and educational Attainment

In response to a legislative request, the IFO has posted a letter that provides data on educational attainment levels by age group for individuals migrating to and from Pennsylvania.

07/02/2019

SCHOOL DISTRICT PROPERTY TAX FORECAST

This report contains the IFO's forecasted school district property tax collections from FY 2017-18 through FY 2023-24. The report also contains projections of the Act 1 index and estimates of school district property taxes that can be attributed to homesteads. Total school property tax collections for FY 2017-18 ($14.5 billion) and FY 2018-19 ($14.9 billion) are estimated using millage rates published by the Pennsylvania Department of education and property tax assessment data. For FY 2019-20 through FY 2023-24, collections are projected based on the statutory, economic and structural factors that affect growth rates of property taxes. During that period, total school property tax collections are projected to grow by an average annual rate of 3.2 percent, reaching $17.3 billion by FY 2023-24.  

03/18/2019

Economic & Budget Outlook Presentation

Deputy Director Brenda Warburton gave a presentation at a session of the Pennsylvania education Policy Fellowship Program regarding the Commonwealth's economic and budget outlook. The presentation summarized the office's five year economic and budget outlook (November 2018) as well as more recent updates to the office's revenue estimates for FY 2018-19 and FY 2019-20 (January 2019). The presentation also addressed the office's most recent estimate for school property tax collections.

03/01/2019

School District Property Tax Forecast

This research brief contains the IFO's forecasted school district property tax collections from FY 2016-17 through FY 2022-23. The brief also contains estimates of school district property tax collections that can be attributed to homestead property.  Total school property tax collections for FY 2016-17 ($14.0 billion) and FY 2017-18 ($14.4 billion) are estimated using millage rates published by the Pennsylvania Department of education and property tax assessment data. For FY 2018-19 through FY 2022-23, collections are projected based on the statutory, economic and structural factors that affect growth rates of property taxes. During that period, total school property tax collections are projected to grow by an average annual rate of 3.3 percent, reaching $17.0 billion by FY 2022-23.

01/18/2018

Child Care and Early education Funding in Pennsylvania

The report provides an overview of the economic impacts of state spending on subsidized child care and no-cost pre-kindergarten programs in Pennsylvania.

09/06/2017

Economic Forecast Summit Presentation

Director Matthew Knittel provided a budget and economic update to the Fifth Annual Economic Forecast Summit sponsored by the Pennsylvania Chamber educational Foundation and the Pennsylvania Bankers Association. 

02/28/2017

Long-Term Fiscal Outlook

Deputy Director Mark Ryan made a presentation at a session of the Pennsylvania education Policy Fellowship Program regarding the Commonwealth's long-term fiscal outlook. The presentation summarized the office's five-year economic and budget outlook (November 2016) as well as more recent updates to the office's revenue estimates for FY 2016-17 and FY 2017-18 (January 2017). The presentation also addressed the office's most recent estimate for school property tax collections.

02/10/2017

Analysis of Recent Collective Bargaining Agreements

Pursuant to section 604-B(a)(8) of the Administrative Code of 1929, the Independent Fiscal Office has prepared a cost analysis of the collective bargaining agreements between the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the following six unions: Correctional Institution Vocational education Association (CIVEA) Federation of State Cultural and educational Professionals (FOSCEP) Office and Professional Employees International Union (OPEIU), Healthcare Pennsylvania PA State education Association (PSEA), Non-Tenured Teachers Service Employees International Union (SEIU), Healthcare Pennsylvania United Food and Commercial Workers (UFCW)

01/12/2017

Updated School District Property Tax Forecast

Letter updating the IFO's forecast of school district property tax collections for FY 2015-16 through FY 2021-22. The letter also includes projections of school district debt service payments and earned income tax collections for FY 2015-16 through FY 2021-22. Total school property tax collections for FY 2015-16 ($13.6 billion) and FY 2016-17 ($13.9 billion) are estimated using millage rates published by the Pennsylvania Department of education. For FY 2017-18 through FY 2021-22, collections are projected based on a forecast of the Act 1 index and exceptions. During that period, total school property tax collections are projected to grow by an average annual rate of 3.5 percent, reaching $16.5 billion by FY 2021-22. Prior reports / references: (1) 2013 IFO analysis of HB / SB 76 and (2) 2014 update of the school property tax forecast.

01/09/2017

PBB_2022_PDE_REPORT_Amended.pdf

manner and submitted by the IFO to the board for review.” This report contains the review for the Department of Education. All performance-based budget (PBB) reviews submitted to the Board contain the following content for each activity or service provided Matthew J. Knittel Director - This page intentionally left blank. - Table of Contents Background on Performance-Based Budgeting ...................................................................................... 1 Department of Education Overview ...................................................................................................... 3 Activity 1: K-12 Education ................................................................................................................... 9 Activity 2: Special Education .............................................................................................................. 29 Activity 3: Child Development and Early Learning

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Five_Year_Outlook_2023.pdf

Expenditure Outlook ............................................................................................................... 23 Technical Notes and Methodology .................................................................................................. 25 Historical and Projected Trends ...................................................................................................... 26 Personnel Costs ............................................................................................................................. 27 Pre-K to 12 Education .................................................................................................................... 28 Medical Assistance (MA) ................................................................................................................ 30 Long-Term Living (LTL) ................................................................................................................. 31 Intellectual Disabilities (ID) ............................................................................................................ 32 Higher Education ........................................................................................................................... 33 All Other Expenditures ................................................................................................................... 34 Fiscal Outlook .......................................................................................................................... 35 Appendix ................................................................................................................................. 39 - This page intentionally left blank. - Executive Summary | Page 1 Executive

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BEFC_Survey_Results_FINAL.pdf

INDEPENDENT FISCAL OFFICE TO: Honorable Members of the Basic Education Funding Commission FROM: Matthew Knittel, Director Independent Fiscal Office DATE: December 14, 2023 RE: Results from the 2023 Basic Education Funding Commission Survey ________________________________________________________________________________ This document provides summary tabulations for the Basic Education Funding Commission (BEFC) survey sent by the Pennsylvania

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Five_Year_Outlook_2022.pdf

Technical Notes and Methodology .................................................................................................. 28 Current Services Versus Cost-to-Carry Baselines .............................................................................. 29 General Fund Pensions .................................................................................................................. 30 Human Services ............................................................................................................................ 32 Education...................................................................................................................................... 35 Criminal Justice ............................................................................................................................. 37 All Other Expenditures ................................................................................................................... 38 Fiscal Outlook ................................................................................................................................... 41 Appendix .......................................................................................................................................... 43 - This page intentionally left blank. - Executive Summary growth rates. For FY 2022-23, enacted General Fund appropriations increase by 8.7% largely due to increased levels of education spending and the assumed expiration of federal COVID-relief funds for state Medicaid programs by December 2022. For FY 2023-

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Five_Year_Outlook_2020.pdf

Current Services Versus Cost-to-Carry Baselines .............................................................................. 30 General Fund Pensions .................................................................................................................. 31 General Fund Debt Service ............................................................................................................. 33 Human Services ............................................................................................................................ 33 Education ..................................................................................................................................... 36 Criminal Justice ............................................................................................................................. 37 All Other Expenditures ................................................................................................................... 39 Section 6: Fiscal Outlook ......................................................................................................... 41 Appendix ................................................................................................................................. 43 - This page intentionally left blank 3 Compara- ble aid was not in- cluded in the CAA. Projections for CY 2021 include tar- geted funding for education ($2.4 bil- lion), health ($829 million), transporta- tion ($416 million) and human services ($327 million).  Direct local support

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Five_Year_Outlook_2019.pdf

Carry Baselines ...............................................................34 Expenditure Extrapolators ...............................................................................................36 General Fund Pensions ...................................................................................................37 General Fund Debt Service .............................................................................................39 Human Services .............................................................................................................41 Education ......................................................................................................................43 Criminal Justice .............................................................................................................47 State Police ...................................................................................................................48 All Other Expenditures....................................................................................................49 Section 6: Fiscal Outlook ................................................................................................... 51 Appendix .......................................................................................................................... 55 Demographics ...............................................................................................................55 Economics .....................................................................................................................56 325.8 354.4 28.6 8.8 Business Services 291.4 314.3 22.9 7.9 Education 227.8 238.4 10.6 4.7 Other Services 252.2 260.6 8.4 3.3 Real Estate 59.1

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Five_Year_Outlook_2021.pdf

Sources ..................................................................................................27 Expenditure Outlook .......................................................................................................... 29 Current Services Versus Cost-to-Carry Baselines ...............................................................33 General Fund Pensions ...................................................................................................34 Human Services .............................................................................................................36 Education ......................................................................................................................39 Criminal Justice .............................................................................................................41 All Other Expenditures ....................................................................................................42 Fiscal Outlook ................................................................................................................... 45 Appendix .......................................................................................................................... 47 - This page intentionally left blank. Executive Summary 0 -0.1 Professional and Technical 360 367 8 2.1 Admin and Waste Management 326 280 -46 -14.2 Education (excludes local SD) 242 231 -12 -4.8 Healthcare-Social Assistance 1,061 1,016 -45 -4.2 Arts and

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2002_dbdc_report.pdf

Several decades ago, participation in DC pension plans was largely restricted to limited employee subgroups, such as public educators, higher education faculty and staff, unclassified public employees, or highly compensated elected or appointed officials. In recent years, however, the DC approach 6- Description of Pennsylvania’s Current Public Employee Retirement Systems Statewide Retirement Systems Most of Pennsylvania’s state and public education employees are mandated to be members of either the State Employees’ Retirement System (SERS) or the Public School Employees’ Retirement

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TC_2022_Educational_Tax_Credits.pdf

to supply two years. Currently, 19 states provide some form of tax credit to offset contributions to scholarships and/or educa- tional programs. In most states the credit is available to individuals and businesses and ten states provide the tax credit organizations utilize contributions to award private school scholarships to students in pre-K through grade 12 and to fund innovative educa- tional programs in public, charter or private schools. The credit is capped at $280 million annually, with $225 million allocated

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PBB_2019_Criminal_Justice_Report.pdf

and Secure Confinement ............................................................................. 19 Activity 4: Inmate/Reentrant Healthcare Services................................................................. 21 Activity 5: Food Services .................................................................................................... 23 Activity 6: Education/Vocation ............................................................................................ 25 Activity 7: Correctional Industries ....................................................................................... 27 Activity 8: AOD Treatment ................................................................................................. 29 Activity 9: Non-AOD Treatment .......................................................................................... 31 Activity 10: Community Corrections as leaders in the corrections field. Our mission is to reduce criminal behavior by providing individualized treatment and education to inmates, resulting in suc- cessful community reintegration through accountability and positive change. The Pennsylvania Board of Probation and Parole (PBPP) is

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PBB_2019_DOBS_Report.pdf

2: Non-Depository Licensing, Registration and Examinations ..................................... 11 Activity 3: Securities Licensing, Registration and Examinations .............................................. 15 Activity 4: Education and Outreach ..................................................................................... 17 Activity 5: Administration ................................................................................................... 21 Appendix .......................................................................................................................... 23 Performance-Based Budgeting and Tax Credit Review Schedule .........................................23 Agency Response...........................................................................................................24 - This days. Note: Expenditures in dollar millions. Department of Banking and Securities FY 2018-19 Budgeted Expenditures by Activity Education & Outreach $1.2(3.2%) Institution Resolution Account $2.0(5.6%) Securities Licensing/Reg./Examin. $4.4(12.3%) Non-Depository

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EPLC_April_2024.pdf

Karen Maynard, Fiscal Analyst III Matthew Knittel, Director Economic & Budget Update Education Policy and Leadership Center April 5, 2024 April 5, 2024 About the Independent Fiscal Office Most states have a fiscal office | PA is unique Office Responsibilities Slide 2 Education Policy & Leadership Center • Revenue estimates | Economic & demographic trends • Economic analysis of executive revenue proposals • 5-Year Economic & Budget Outlook • Performance-

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PBB_2021_DMVA_REPORT_ADDENDUM.pdf

DMVA Expenditures and Average Weekly FTE Positions by Fiscal Year 1 Includes a transfer from the General Fund to the Education Assistance Program Fund. Veterans Homes | Page 5 General Fund Appropriations Vets Homes Outreach to Vets NG & Military Support ChalleNGe Acad Transport. -- 0.3 -- -- -- -- 0.3 Blind Veterans Pension -- 0.2 -- -- -- -- 0.2 Supplemental Life Insur. Premiums -- -- 0.2 -- -- -- 0.2 Education of Veterans Children -- 0.1 -- -- -- -- 0.1 Other Appropriations -- 0.1 0.2 -- -- -- 0.3 Total 95.3 10.8

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2013_special_report_funding_and_reforming_public_employee_retirement_systems.pdf

E. Durbin, Executive Director, PA State Employees’ Retirement System.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95Testimony of Steven Nickol, Assistant Director of Retirement Programs, PA State Education Association. . . . . . . . . . . .100Testimony of Richard Rowland, Executive Director, PA Association of School Retirees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .105Testimony of Christian Leinbach, Chair of the Board Pa. 196, 484 A.2d 751 (1984); Association of Pa. State College and University Faculties v. State System of Higher Education, 505 Pa. 369, 479 A.2d 962 (1984). Public Employee Retirement Commission actuarial note on Document Number 1182, April 2002

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PBB_2022_DHS_REPORT_ADDENDUM.pdf

intentionally left blank. - Quality Child Care | Page 43 Activity 7: Quality Child Care The Quality Child Care Activity promotes early education and child care quality improvements in the Com- monwealth through Keystone STARS, Professional Development Organizations (PDOs) and Infant Toddler Contracted down a STARS level based on certain benchmarks, such as the percent of staff with a degree in early childhood education. When at- tempting to move up a STARS level, the facility must meet the required benchmarks, and upon achievement of

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PBB_2022_AGING_REPORT_Addendum.pdf

Activity 1: Pharmaceutical Assistance (Addendum) ............................................................................ 13 Activity 2: Aging Services ................................................................................................................ 15 Activity 3: Elder Justice and Protection ............................................................................................. 21 Activity 4: Education, Health and Outreach ....................................................................................... 27 Activity 5: Adult Daily Living Centers/Quality Assurance ..................................................................... 33 Activity 6: Advocate for Older Adults ................................................................................................ 37 assistance to seniors living in the community 3 Elder Justice and Protection…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. Investigate and prevent elder abuse and neglect 4 Education, Health and Outreach…………………………………………………………………. Offer health programs and Medicare counseling 5 Adult Daily Living Centers/QA.………………………………………………………………………………………………. License centers and monitor program

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index.cfm

April 05, 2024 The IFO presented on the Commonwealth's economic and budget outlook at a session of the Pennsylvania Education Policy and Leadership Center. ... (Full Report) Sports, Marketing & Tourism Series: 2023 Ironman PA Happy Valley Triathlon Economics and Other April due to the continuation of hybrid and remote work schedules for some workers. ... (Full Report) Testimony on the 2023 Basic Education Funding Commission Survey Economics and Other December 15, 2023 Director Matthew Knittel provided testimony to the Basic Education Funding Commission

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DotPlotData.xlsx

Dot Plots (see row 4 in other worksheets) A. PDE Website, School Locale "Urban/Rural" Classification of Schools and Local Education Agencies (LEAs), Urban-Centric and Metro-Centric Locale Codes. https://www.education.pa.gov/DataAndReporting/SchoolLocale/Pages/default.aspx B. PDE Website, AFR Data: Detailed, Expenditure Detail - SDs 2010-11to 2019-20

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PBB_2022_DLI_REPORT.pdf

other state agencies that assist in the execution of the WIOA state plan. This includes programs at the Departments of Education, Agriculture, Human Services and Community and Economic Development. The Apprenticeship and Training Office (ATO) (Activity 5) receives $7 million in an apprenticeship. The Office of Vocational Rehabilitation (OVR, includes the Hiram G. Andrews Center (HGAC)) (Activity 6) assists in the education and training of individuals with disabilities to expand employment opportunities. The data show that the pandemic had a significant impact

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ACN_SB1071_A10803_text.pdf

Amend Bill, page 2, lines 17 through 37, by striking out all of said lines and inserting Amending Titles 24 (Education), 51 (Military Affairs) and 71 (State Government) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, extensively revising pension provisions as follows: In Title effective date of employment for all school employees except the following: (1) Any officer or employee of the Department of Education, State-owned educational institutions, community colleges, area vocational-technical schools, technical institutes, or [the] The Pennsylvania State University and who

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2007_divestment_complete_report.pdf

the Commonwealth; • County retirement systems; • The Pennsylvania Municipal Retirement System (PMRS); • The alternative retirement plans of public institutions of higher education (Teachers’ Insurance Annuity Association - College Retirement Equity Fund); • The endowments of public institutions of higher education; • The IRC 457 Deferred Compensation Plan (administered by a third-party administrator overseen by SERS) maintained as a supplemental plan

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TC_2020_Keystone_Innovation_Zone_Tax_Credit.pdf

partnership. The partnership consists of supporting economic development partners and must include at least one institution of higher education. The general findings of this report are as follows:  Act 84 of 2016 reduced the KIZ Tax Credit cap from $25 The partnership consists of supporting economic development partners (EDPs) and must include at least one institution of higher education. EDPs may assist KIZ firms with legal, financial or technological services and provide networking opportunities. Each KIZ is also overseen by a

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IFO - Economic and Budget Outlook - January 2012.pdf

future years. For example, the projections assume that structural parameters such as staff-to-inmate (corrections) and pupil-to-teacher (education) ratios remain constant. Some of these parameters reflect explicit policy choices; others do not and are determined in a more that Pennsylvania received $9.5 billion in ARRA contracts, grants and loans. Most contracts, grants and loans were awarded for education, transportation, research and other infrastructure purposes. 11 The modest real growth of national and state economies has had limited impact

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PBB_2020_DOS_REPORT.pdf

for the PPB review schedule. 2 For example, 31 states use PBB for some portion of their higher education budget. See “Performance-Based Budgeting in the States,” NCSL Fiscal Policy Research, Vol. 24, No. 35 (September 2016). Background and Methodology | Page and (3) works closely with candidates, committees, lobbyists, lobbying firms, principals and civic engagement stakeholders to ensure transparency, education and awareness of the campaign finance and lobbying disclosure processes. The primary goals and outcomes of this activity are as follows: 

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EPLC_3_4_2022_update.pdf

ECONOMIC & BUDGET UPDATE Education Policy and Leadership Center Commonwealth of Pennsylvania March 4, 2022 1 Background: Independent Fiscal Office IFO begins operations September 2011 Dec 21) Used Cars +38.1% Gasoline +37.4% Energy +25.1% New Cars +22.4% Relatively Low (Dec 21) Education-Comm +1.9% Medical Care +3.3% Shelter +4.3% -5% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 1981 1983 1985 1987

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EPLC-2-19-21.pdf

ECONOMIC & BUDGET UPDATE Education Policy and Leadership Center Commonwealth of Pennsylvania February 19, 2021 1 Background: Independent Fiscal Office IFO begins operations September 2011 13 -5.8% -5.0% -3.6% Admin and Waste Management -53 -34 -26 -16.8% 10.7% -8.0% Education (excludes local SD) -42 -12 -50 -16.1% -5.9% -19.9% Healthcare-Social Assistance -120 -50 -39 -11.4%

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Economic_and_Revenue_Update_2021.pdf

10 Fiscal Year to Date Revenues ................................................................................. 11 General Fund Revenue Projections ......................................................................... 12 General Fund Financial Statement Comparison ........................................................ 13 General Fund Education Expenditures .................................................................... 14 School District Property Tax ................................................................................... 15 Impact Fee and Natural Gas Trends ....................................................................... 16 State and Local Tax Burden: Average 13 -5.8 -5.0 -3.6 Admin and Waste Management -53 -34 -26 -16.8 -10.7 -8.0 Education (excludes local SD) -42 -12 -50 -16.1 -5.9 -19.9 Healthcare-Social Assistance -120 -50 -39 -11.4

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Special-Funds-Response-Letter-03-08-2019.pdf

Natural Resources Keystone Recreation, Park & Cons. 250,921 Corrections - Criminal Justice Manufacturing Fund 104,616 Drug and Alcohol Substance Abuse Education 8,300 Education Property Tax Relief 766,200 State School Fund 0 Environmental Protection Coal Lands Improvement 175 Conservation District 8,701 Environmental

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PBB_2019_PCCD_Report.pdf

Safety and Security Fund 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 60.0 Subst Abuse Education & Demand Reduction 4.9 5.4 4.0 4.2 4.5 8.3 Justice Reinvestment Fund 0.0 0.6 0 Act (VOCA), Rights and Services Act (RASA), Victims of Juvenile Offenders (VOJO), Justice Assistance Grant (JAG), Substance Abuse Education and Demand Reduction (SAEDR), Victims Compensation Assistance Program (VCAP) and Children's Advocacy Center (CAC). 13-14 14-15 15-16 16-

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SD-Property-Tax-Forecast-2020.pdf

that contemplate changes to school property taxes. The most recent school property tax data published by the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE, or department) is for fiscal year (FY) 2017-18. For that year, current-year collections were $13.5 billion three-year period in the baseline for computing the growth rate. For the ECI, there are no available projections for education- specific employment costs for Pennsylvania, so the general nationwide ECI projection from IHS Markit is used, with adjustments by the

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SD-Property-Tax-Forecast-2019.pdf

that contemplate changes to school property taxes. The most recent school property tax data published by the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE, or department) is for fiscal year (FY) 2016-17. For that year, current-year collections were $13.1 billion three-year period in the baseline for computing the growth rate. For the ECI, there are no available projections for education-specific employment costs, so the general ECI projection from IHS Markit is used, with adjustments by the IFO. This component

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RB-2018-01.pdf

that contemplate changes to school property taxes. The most recent school property tax data published by the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE, or department) is for fiscal year (FY) 2015-16. For that year, current-year collections were $12.6 billion three-year period in the baseline for computing the growth rate. For the ECI, there are no available projections for education-specific employment costs, so the general ECI projection from IHS Markit is used. This component of the index increases more

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PBB_Board_Hearing_Mar_09_2022.pdf

PBB Agency Highlights Pennsylvania Department of Education Presentation to the Performance-Based Budget Board March 9, 2022 Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE) March 9, 2022 1 PDE Actual Spend and FTEs (FY 2020-21) March 9, 2022 2 FTEs Expenditures Activities

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PBB_Board_Hearing_Jan_26_2022.pdf

PBB Agency Highlights Pennsylvania Department of Education Department of Agriculture Presentation to the Performance-Based Budget Board January 26, 2022 Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE) January 26, 2022 1 PDE Actual Spend and FTEs (FY 2020-21) January 26, 2022 2 FTEs Expenditures Activities

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PBB_2023_EO_REPORT.pdf

capita in combined General Fund and Rainy Day Fund balances, 9.3% below the national level. State government employees (excluding education) make up 0.7% of the population, comparable to Michigan. This specific data is not available for all states. State Balance columns in billions of dollars, per capita is whole dollars. Employees are full- and part-time (thousands) and exclude education employees. Source: State debt data are from the U.S. Census Bureau. Fund balance data are from The Pew Charitable

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PBB_2020_DOH_REPORT_Final_Update.pdf

for the PPB review schedule. 2 For example, 31 states use PBB for some portion of their higher education budget. See “Performance-Based Budgeting in the States,” NCSL Fiscal Policy Research, Vol. 24, No. 35 (September 2016). Background and Methodology | Page school districts. The required ratio is one school nurse per 1,500 students according to 24 P.S. Education § 14-1402(a.1). 5 The J-1 visa waiver allows eligible immigrants to waive the two-year home-country physical presence

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PBB_2023_DCNR_REPORT.pdf

14.2 16.6 State Gaming Fund 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.4 Environmental Education Fund 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.2 Capital Facilities Fund 0.7 0.1 American Rescue Plan Act (ARPA). The purpose of the ARPA funding is to provide grants to local entities to plan, educate, acquire, develop or rehabilitate a variety of local recreational spaces. (See pages 17 to 21.) Facility Design and Construction The

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RB-2016-02.pdf

Ðic program to which the contribution or investment is made. Eligible pro‐ grams include: affordable housing, community services, crime prevention, education, job training or neighbor‐ hood assistance programs. Pennsylvania Resource Manufacturing Tax Credit $0 $0 Created for the potential development of no state money is distributed to entities outside of the government. For example, an agency may administer a program that educates businesses in subject matters that promote economic development (e.g., World Trade PA). The last way in which an incentive

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PBB_2021_PSP_REPORT_ADDENDUM.pdf

in Troops A-T proactively enforce traffic laws throughout the Commonwealth and raise public awareness of safe-driving practices through education regarding driver behavior, equipment standards, and restraint system use. The department covers 61 percent of Pennsylvania’s highway miles, and Criminal Investigation. 2 LEA is Law Enforcement Agency and can include agencies that are not certified under the Municipal Police Eduation and Training Commission (e.g., Sherrif's Offices and University Police). PaCIC is Pennsylvania Criminal Intelligence Center. 3 RVAT is

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2006_surviving_spouse_healthcare_study.pdf

IN THE REHP Aging Agriculture Attorney General Auditor General Banking Civil Service Commission Community & Economic Development Conservation & Natural Resources Corrections Education Environmental Hearing Board Environmental Protection Executive Offices Fish and Boat Commission Game Commission General Services Governor's Office Health Health Governor's Office Military and Veterans Affairs Milk Marketing Board PA Emergency Management Agency PA Gaming Control Board PA Higher Education Assistance Agency PA Infrastructure Investment Authority PA Municipal Retirement System PA Port Authority PA Public TV Network Commission PA State

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Senate_Appropriations_Committee_Response_Letter_2021.pdf

to the tables on pages 4 and 5. Senator Kearney asked how the Commonwealth compares to border states in the education sector and the impact of immigration on the state economy. Page 9 of the IFO’s budget hearings packet contains institutions grant associate or higher degrees and participate in Title IV federal financial aid programs. Source: U.S. Department of Education, NCES, Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS). First-time Degree/Certificate-Seeking Undergraduates in Degree-Granting Post-Secondary Institutions Fall

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Revenue-Estimate-2020-05.pdf

aid ad- ministered by the U.S. Treasury Department, and the remaining $1.9 billion represents support for education, public health initiatives, food and nutrition access, small urbanized and rural transit agencies and other various activities. 9  Local support reflects Professional Business 2.1 1.9 1.3 -9.0 0.8 0.7 0.1 -9.1 Education 3.9 3.1 1.4 -10.3 1.7 2.3 -2.3 -15.5 Healthcare 2.3 2.2 1

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PBB_Board_Amend_03_09_22.pdf

2022 Performance-Based Budget Board Hearing for the Dept. of Education Motion to Amend and Resubmit At this time, pursuant to Section 7(c)(4) of Act 48 of 2017, I a motion to direct the IFO to amend and resubmit the 2022 performance-based budget review for the Department of Education by May 16, 2022 with the following recommendations: 1. Include citations for PDE data from specific public files or reports

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IFO Five-Year Outlook.pdf

Reduction in residents under age 20 (0.5 percent) from 2010 to 2020.  Should help temper budget pressures for education and certain social assistance and programs (e.g., CHIP).  Large increase in the 65-84 age cohort (29.4 20 15.Nov.2012 ($ millions) Agency 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 Education $10,545 $10,960 $11,425 $11,954 $12,499 $12,810 $13,107 Public Welfare $10,550 $10,585

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TC_2021_Neighborhood_Assistance_Program.pdf

distressed areas and support low-income populations in Pennsylvania. Eligible projects include: affordable housing, community economic development, commu- nity services, education, neighborhood assistance, neighborhood conservation, crime prevention, job train- ing or charitable food assistance. The annual program cap is currently $36 distressed areas and support low-income pop- ulations. 2 Eligible projects include: affordable housing, community economic development, community ser- vices, education, neighborhood assistance, neighborhood conservation, crime prevention, job training and charitable food assistance. 3 The NAP Tax Credit includes five components

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Senate Appropriations Response Letter 3-6-2020.pdf

Professional Services 9.9 2.6 14.0 7.1% Administrative Support 11.0 19.9 1.7 5.3% Education 5.2 4.4 -3.7 5.1% Colleges-Universities 2.0 2.7 -0.6 3.3% Other 3 Professional Services 1.7 1.4 3.6 7.3% Administrative Support 2.7 0.0 1.0 6.8% Education 5.2 3.2 3.8 2.8% Colleges-Universities 1.5 1.6 1.9 0.8% Other 3

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Revenue_Estimate_2021_05.pdf

tributed in CY 2021 and will be available to be spent through CY 2024. Additionally, projections include targeted funds for education ($7.5 billion), a wide range of health and human services programs ($3.4 billion) and transportation ($1.4 billion for CY 2020 and CY 2021. These funds include support directly awarded to healthcare providers ($4.8 billion) and higher education insti- tutions ($2.6 billion). Economic Outlook | Page 5 Table 1.4 provides quarterly estimates for the annual amounts in

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RB_2022_09_Student_Loan_Forgiveness.pdf

those findings to estimate the potential impact on Pennsylvania borrowers. The most recent data from the U.S. Department of Education are also used to examine loan balances and average balances across states. Table 1 presents estimates from the Penn Wharton and applies it to the Pennsylvania share of total federal student loan debt. Data from the U.S. Department of Education show that the Pennsylvania share of outstanding federal student loans is 4.5%, or $69.2 billion and 1.96

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PBB_2020_DEP_Report.pdf

for the PPB review schedule. 2 For example, 31 states use PBB for some portion of their higher education budget. See “Performance-Based Budgeting in the States,” NCSL Fiscal Policy Research, Vol. 24, No. 35 (September 2016). Background and Methodology | Page Surface Mining Conservation, Surface Mining Conservation and Reclamation, Underground Storage Tank Indemnification, Coal Lands Improvement, Energy Development, Environmental Education, Growing Greener Bond, Marcellus Legacy, Mine Safety, Nutrient Management, Remining Financial Assistance, Motor License, Land and Water Development, and Capital Facilities. 1

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PBB_2020_DCED_REPORT.pdf

for the PPB review schedule. 2 For example, 31 states use PBB for some portion of their higher education budget. See “Performance-Based Budgeting in the States,” NCSL Fiscal Policy Research, Vol. 24, No. 35 (September 2016). Background and Methodology | Page 2: Business and Workforce Assistance The Business and Workforce Assistance Activity involves interagency coordination among economic devel- opment, education and workforce programs. In that capacity, the department (1) energizes business en- gagement, (2) fosters talent development, (3) improves access to high-

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Official-Revenue-Estimate-2020-06.pdf

5252. 8 The estimate assumes that PPP loans are not taxable to the recipient. Economic Outlook | Page 6 education, public health initiatives, food and nutrition access, small urbanized and rural transit agencies and other various activities. 9  Local support reflects Professional Business 1.9 1.3 -9.2 -8.7 0.7 0.1 -9.9 -9.5 Education 3.1 1.4 -10.6 -10.2 2.3 -2.3 -16.1 -14.7 Healthcare 2.2 1.8 -7

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June_Revenue_Estimate_2021.pdf

tributed in CY 2021 and will be available to be spent through CY 2024. Additionally, projections include targeted funds for education ($7.5 billion), and a wide range of health and human services programs ($3.5 billion). ▪ Direct local support reflects for CY 2020 and CY 2021. These funds include support directly awarded to healthcare providers ($4.9 billion) and higher education insti- tutions ($2.6 billion). Economic Outlook | Page 5 Table 1.4 provides quarterly estimates for the annual amounts in

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IFO_Hearing_Materials_02_2024.pdf

Fund are excluded, the proposed spending increase falls to $3.0 billion (6.6%). The increase is driven by Basic Education (+11.9%) and Intellectual Disability (+14.2%). • For all future years after FY 2024-25, the Executive Budget proposes to flat-line Basic Education, Special Education and County Child Welfare. This yields a modest long-term spending growth rate of 1.8% per annum

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Five_Year_Outlook_2017_Presentation.pdf

incentives are effective, accountable and fiscally sound.  Work with states to develop and implement best practices. Previous Experience and Education  Provided research and analysis on local and state public policy topics for the American Chamber of Commerce Executives.  Planned and coordinated education for the government relations division and the Alliance for Regional Stewardship.  Master’s in public administration from George Mason

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2021-SD-Property-Tax-Forecast.pdf

that contemplate changes to school property taxes. The most recent school property tax data published by the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE, or department) is for fiscal year (FY) 2018- 19. For that year, current-year collections were $13.9 billion School Code of 1949. It is used in the calculation of various state subsidies for school districts, including the basic education subsidy. The minimum MV/PI AR is 0.1500. For FY 2020-21, 413 districts had an MV/PI AR

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TC_2020_Research and Development Tax Credit.pdf

Line 9 displays the corresponding impact on GDP if the tax credit monies had been used generally for education and non-education purposes (equal split). 33 This impact was also determined by the IMPLAN model. Line 10 The net impact on state GDP from

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SR2017-05.pdf

323 54 3,018,274 2,268 3 Based on the number of homesteads reported by the Pennsylvania Department of Education for FY 2015-16 Act 1 Property Tax Reduction Allocations. Philadelphia data adjusted based on information from the Philadelphia Department of Revenue. Sources: Pennsylvania Department of Education, State Tax Equalization Board, the Philadelphia Department of Revenue and county assessment offices. Computations by the IFO. Note: dollar amounts

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Senate_Appropriations_Committee_Response_Letter_2024.pdf

425 million in annual spending for existing programs/line items that were not funded in the Executive Budget, (3) basic education funding that increases by $650 million annually, (4) phase down of State Police funding from the Motor License Fund, (5) $279 million annually for the Governor’s proposal to increase higher education financial aid for low-income students (i.e., Student & Family Affordability) and (6) a cumulative deficit computation. In the adjusted

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Revenue_Estimate_2023_06.pdf

7%). Notable contractions occurred for the local government-municipal (excludes school districts, -11,300, -6.2%) and state govern- ment-education (i.e., public post-secondary institutions, -4,800, -8.7%) subsectors. 2022.12022.22022.32022.42023.12023.2 Real GDP 331 340 9 2.7 All Other (residual) 246 248 2 0.8 Construction 267 268 1 0.4 Private Education 238 238 1 0.2 Retail and Wholesale Trade 821 818 -3 -0.4 Admin and Waste Management 325 319

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Revenue_Estimate_2022_06.pdf

7.0%). ▪ The government sector contracted by 30,000 payroll jobs (-4.2%). Notable contractions occurred for the local government-education (i.e., school districts, -9,000, -3.2%) and state government- education (i.e., public post-secondary institutions, -8,000, -14.3%) subsectors. May 21 May 22 May 21 May 22 Total

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Revenue_Estimate_2022_05.pdf

Page 5 ▪ The government sector contracted by 33,000 payroll jobs (-4.5%). Notable contractions occurred for the local government-education (i.e., school districts, -11,000, -3.9%) and state government- education (i.e., public post-secondary institutions, -11,000, -17.7%) subsectors. Income and Tax Revenues Table 1.5 displays annual

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Revenue-Estimate-2023-05.pdf

3%). Notable contractions occurred for the local government-municipal (excludes school districts, -11,000, -6.1%) and state govern- ment-education (i.e., public post-secondary institutions, -7,300, -11.7%) subsectors. 2022.1 2022.2 2022.3 2022.4 2023 2 Retail and Wholesale Trade 814 813 -1 -0.1 Admin and Waste Management 305 303 -2 -0.7 Private Education 255 253 -3 -1.0 Other Services 259 252 -7 -2.8 Manufacturing 576 565 -11 -1.8 Healthcare 821

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Revenue-Estimate-2019-05.pdf

Executive authorizations and non-General Fund requests for appropriations are not included. The departments of Human Services (DHS), Education (PDE) and Health (DOH) comprise roughly 92 per- cent of the General Fund federal spending authority requested by the Commonwealth. The text s Health Insurance 411 444 8.2 392 -11.8 ARRA 71 57 -19.8 57 0.0 Education 2,402 2,464 2.6 2,452 -0.5 Grants and Subsidies 2,179 2,247 3.1 2,293 2

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RB_2022_07_Worker_Shortage.pdf

is best used to examine payroll employment trends over time based on demographic characteristics such as age, gender, race and education level. It does not track unemployed individuals who actively seek employment. Table 3 displays the change in the number of 2 -13.3 Employment Services 119.3 107.6 -11.7 Accommodation 61.3 52.1 -9.2 Local Government Education 279.6 270.7 -8.9 All Retail Trade 607.7 598.8 -8.9 Amusements and Gaming 76.8

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Presentation-2019-3-1-EPLC.pdf

ECONOMIC & BUDGET OUTLOOK Education Policy and Leadership Center Commonwealth of Pennsylvania March 1, 2019 Today’s IFO Presentation  Executive Summary | Crucial Assumptions | Recession Other (debt related) $1,759 5.7% Total $30,751 100.0% Note: Millions of dollars. Source: Pennsylvania Department of Education. IFO School Property Tax Forecast $7,346 $7,567 $7,746 $7,968 $8,192 $8,459 $8,748 $9

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PBB_2021_DHS_REPORT_ADDENDUM.pdf

work with JCJC to annually collect and report recidivism data for youth served at these facilities. The Pennsylvania Department of Education pro- vides educational programs for YDC/YFC youth and this report includes outcome measures for these pro- grams. DHS continues in that year was $476. 5 Average daily ratio of direct care staff to youth. 7 Source: PA Department of Education. 3 Data for FY 15-16 only includes January to June. 4 Data from Performance-based Standards are collected in

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PBB_2020_PEMA_REPORT.pdf

for the PPB review schedule. 2 For example, 31 states use PBB for some portion of their higher education budget. See “Performance-Based Budgeting in the States,” NCSL Fiscal Policy Research, Vol. 24, No. 35 (September 2016). Background and Methodology | Page Activity Primary Service 1 911 Emergency Telecommunication………………Manage and coordinate 911 telecommunication systems 2 Planning, Training and Outreach……………………Educate, plan and organize for disasters 3 Response Operations………………………………………Coordinate resources in response to an emergency 4 Recovery and Mitigation…………………………………Mitigate and oversee

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Official-Revenue-Estimate-2019-06.pdf

Executive authorizations and non-General Fund requests for appropriations are not included. The departments of Human Services (DHS), Education (PDE) and Health comprise roughly 92 percent of the General Fund federal spending authority requested by the Commonwealth. The text that follows 2018, but will decline to 78.08 effective October 1, 2019. Official Revenue Estimate | Page 18 Department of Education For FY 2019-20, the Department of Education requests authority to spend up to $2.5 billion in General Fund federal monies

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Official-Revenue-Estimate-2018-06.pdf

authorizations and non-General Fund requests for appropriations are not in- cluded. The departments of Human Services (DHS), Education (PDE) and Health comprise roughly 92 percent of the General Fund federal spending authority requested by the Commonwealth. The text that follows 7 Children's Health Insurance 411 6.1 444 8.2 ARRA 71 -30.4 57 -19.8 Education 2,402 0.5 2,415 0.6 Grants and Subsidies 2,179 1.6 2,247 3.1 Administration Grants 197

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Monthly_Economic_Update_January_2021.pdf

experience the same rebound. For the fourth quarter of 2020, passenger vehicle trips declined 28.1% from 2019 levels. Pennsylvania Education Jobs Not Recovered as Pandemic Persists A recent article from the Wall Street Journal finds that the pandemic is exacerbating an ongoing teacher shortage, as nationwide public school employment fell to its lowest level since 2000. In Pennsylvania, education jobs at all levels and across both the public and private sector declined relative to the prior year. For November

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Labor_Market_Update_October_2021.pdf

self- employed and independent contractors.) The computed YOY job loss widened in September due to weak seasonal hiring in the education (i.e., colleges and universities, private schools) and government (i.e., local school districts) sectors. For the three years prior 000 net jobs were added. That outcome was motivated by weaker-than-normal hiring in the two sectors related to education. During the three years prior to COVID, the education sector added an average of 42,800 payroll jobs, but only

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Initial-Revenue-Estimate-2018-05.pdf

authorizations and non-General Fund requests for appropriations are not in- cluded. The departments of Human Services (DHS), Education (PDE) and Health comprise roughly 93 percent of the General Fund federal spending authority requested by the Commonwealth. The text that follows 2 Children's Health Insurance 411 6.1 444 8.2 ARRA 71 -30.4 57 -20.8 Education 2,402 0.5 2,332 -2.9 Grants and Subsidies 2,179 1.6 2,169 -0.5 Administration Grants 197

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IFO_Testimony_Min_Wage_Feb_16_2021.pdf

contraction of 472,000 jobs (-7.7 percent). (Excludes self-employed.) Job losses are concentrated in the retail-wholesale trade, education and food service-accommodation sectors.  The second table provides detail for the education sector, subsectors with significant jobs contraction (e.g., clothing stores) and certain subsectors that have expanded.  The third table

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IFO_Hearing_Materials_Feb_22_2022.pdf

4% 7.8% 14.9% Trade and Transportation 2.3% 3.7% 2.5% 2.1% 3.9% 2.4% Education and Healthcare -0.3% 1.7% 3.5% 4.4% 6.2% 5.8% Manufacturing 5.9% 4.4% 4 966 7.00 41,808 3 Includes $825 million prepayment in unfunded liability from the Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education. State Pension System Funding Outlook SERS 1 PSERS Note: Dollars in millions. Data sourced from various system projections, releases and

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BEFC_Response_Letter_12_19_23.pdf

pa.us INDEPENDENT FISCAL OFFICE December 19, 2023 The Honorable Kristin Phillips-Hill The Honorable Michael Sturla Co-Chair Basic Education Funding Commission Co-Chair Basic Education Funding Commission Senate of Pennsylvania Pennsylvania House of Representatives 362 Main Capitol Building 106 Irvis Office Building Harrisburg, PA 17120

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TC_2019_New_Jobs_Tax_Credit_Report.pdf

Professional, Scientific and Technical Services 3,797 8,858 56 Administrative and Support Services 996 1,542 61 Education Services 128 256 62 Health Care and Social Assistance 2,085 2,315 81 Other Services (except Public Administration) 410 897 26 have spent the funds in another more efficient manner (e.g., other more efficient economic development programs, infrastructure, educa- tion, etc.) 10 . Most recently, a 2018 study by the Upjohn Institute examined 34 separate “but for” estimates that used statistical analyses

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SR2017-06.pdf

analyses typically place multi-county school districts in a single county consistent with their classifications by the Pennsylvania Department of Education. Thank you very much for your assistance with the survey. Please let us know if we can answer any questions the State Tax Equalization Board, the U.S. Census Bureau, the Philadelphia Department of Revenue and the Pennsylvania Department of Education. Calculations by the IFO. 1 The assessed value share is weighted by 2015 county real estate tax collections as reported

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RB_2022_08_Worker_Shortage.pdf

is best used to examine payroll employment trends over time based on demographic characteristics such as age, gender, race and education level. It does not track unemployed individuals who actively seek employment. Table 3 displays the change in the number of 8 Employment Services 113.4 104.2 -9.2 Amusements and Gaming 95.9 89.0 -6.9 State Government Education 43.2 36.9 -6.3 Couriers and Messengers 34.6 45.5 10.9 Warehouse and Storage 91.5

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Presentation_PASBO_Annual_Conference_3-8-2018.pdf

Other (debt related) $934 3.3% Total $28,494 100.0% Note: Dollar amounts in millions. Source: Pennsylvania Department of Education. 4 March 8, 2018 Homestead Survey IFO uses survey results to inform its estimates of homestead property. Recent constitutional amendment 4.0% 4.5% 5.0% 7 Impact of 2016 Wage Growth Forecast SAWW Base ECI Source: Pennsylvania Department of Education. Forecast by IFO using data from the Pennsylvania Department of Labor and Industry and IHS Markit. March 8, 2018 IFO

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PBB_2023_DOR_REPORT.pdf

enable the department to offset the amount due more efficiently than in prior years. The Enforcement Activity includes customer outreach, education and assistance. The Customer Experience Center (CEC) is the primary call center for the department. Important metrics to track are state and local agencies with information and services regarding tax-related issues through its customer experience center (CEC); (2) provides education and tax preparation assistance; (3) reviews and analyzes business and individual tax returns to encourage tax compliance; (4) administers the

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PA_Economy_League_Presentation.pdf

Other (debt related) $855 3.1% Total $27,578 100.0% Note: dollar amounts in millions. Source: Pennsylvania Department of Education. 8 19.May.2017 Reliance on Property Tax Varies District Group FY 14-15 Property Tax Collections Property Tax as with the greatest reliance on the property tax. There are 125 school districts in each group. Source: Pennsylvania Department of Education. 9 Raise income tax rate (3.07%).  Broad tax base that grows with state economy.  Exempts retirement income

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PASBO_Presentation_March_16_2023.pdf

0.8 (2021) billion of state monies. Excludes most direct federal monies to state and local government units and higher education institutions. Childcare includes stabilization funds ($820m) and block grants ($865m). Philadelphia CPI-U: Three Inflation “Waves” March 16, 2023 8 denotes projection. Employment and payroll includes all public schools (traditional, charters, and cyber charters) and a small number of higher education jobs (2,630 in 2022) held by PSERS members. Source: Employment from U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Government

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Municipal_Analysts_Presentation.pdf

supplemental appropriations. For FY 2017-18, includes $188 million moved to budgetary reserve and $595 million in funding for higher education that has not been approved. Lapses for FY 2016-17 and FY 2017-18 are estimates. Source: Executive Budgets, various June 2017). October 19, 2017 5 Budget Status  Unresolved issues for FY 2017-18.  Roughly $600m in higher education funding.  Cash flow constraints: Nov. thru March (up to ~$1.7b).  Size of current year deficit still an

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Five_Year_Outlook_Presentation_2022.pdf

17 -8.5 Colleges and Universities 163 148 -15 -9.2 Nonprofits 136 121 -15 -11.2 Local Government (exclude education) 275 268 -9 -4.9 State Government - education 60 51 -9 -15.4 Warehousing and Storage 94 125 32 33.7 Courier and Messengers 36 47 11 29

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Five_Year_Outlook_2020_Presentation_Final.pdf

18 -5.8% -5.0% -4.8% Admin and Waste Management -53 -34 -36 -16.8% 10.7% -10.8% Education (excludes local SD) -42 -12 -38 -16.1% -5.9% -14.5% Healthcare-Social Assistance -120 -50 -34 -11.4% 22 -48.8% Accommodations 59 38 -21 -35.2% Nursing and Residential Care 202 189 -13 -6.2% State Government - Education 63 54 -9 -14.4% Air Transportation 13 8 -6 -41.8% Courier and Messengers 42 49 7 16.5%

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Economic_and_Revenue_Update_2020_10.pdf

relative to the level from the prior year. For recent months, the jobs data show weakness in the education and government sectors. 4 That outcome is due to the fact that the table uses non-seasonally adjusted data and the start been disproportionately impacted by the pandemic. 4 The government sector includes local school districts and state supported higher education institutions. The education sector includes other colleges and universities, junior colleges, technical and trade schools, as well as private and charter schools

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TC_2021_Video_Game_Production.pdf

or refundable, (3) consider the addition of a Video Game Production Tax Credit and (4) build relationships between the higher education institutions and the video game industry so that new and growing companies can fill open positions with qualified talent from finance the credit, this analysis assumes that state discretionary spending is reduced and those monies would have been spent on education and health care. This economic offset is also reflected in the next four lines. 19 20 Line 15 A GDP

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TC_2021_Entertainment_Economic_Enhancement_Program.pdf

or affiliated with a state-related institution, or owned by the Commonwealth and affiliated with the state system of higher education. The maximum tax credit allowed 2 A qualified rehearsal facility is a rehearsal facility within the Commonwealth that meets at adjust- ment). 23 This analysis assumes that state discretionary spending is reduced and those monies would have been spent on education and health care. This economic offset is also included in the next four lines. 24 Line 17 A GDP (also

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SR2014-03-presentation.pdf

2014 11 Consolidated SD vs. Total of Individual SDs, $ millions State Funding State Revenue Item Consolidated Individual Net Difference Basic Education Funding 151.1 156.5 -5.4 Special Education Funding 30.1 30.1 0.0 Accountability Block Grant 3.1 3.1 0.0 Social Security / PSERS Cont

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Single-Use Plastics Report-2020_06.pdf

tax revenues, business- and economic-related research, performance-based budgeting initiatives and various other projects including the Special Education Funding Formula survey. Mathieu Taylor, Fiscal Analyst II Mr. Taylor joined the IFO in December 2018. Primary responsibilities include state and local to 40 percent of “ethnic grocery and produce stores” being out of compliance. The reports described continued retailer education efforts to overcome the language barrier and increase compliance across all retailers. 50 Taylor, “A Mixed Bag: The Hidden Time Costs of

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Select Committee Oct 1 2012 FINAL.pdf

of HB 1776 / SB 1400 of 2012.  Analysis Objectives.  Analysis Results:  Surplus or shortfall to (1) the Education Stabilization Fund and (2) school districts.  Detail by revenue source.  Background on Property Tax forecast.  Some general Table 2 ESF and School District Impact Fiscal Year ($ millions) 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 EDUCATION STABILIZATION FUND Dedicated Revenues $9,098 $9,554 $10,019 $10,480 $10,931 Distributions to Schools 10,453 10

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SD_Property_Tax_Forecast_Nov_2021.pdf

by the Independent Fiscal Office (IFO). The most recent school district property tax data published by the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE, or the department) is for fiscal year (FY) 2019-20. For that year, current-year collections were $14.3 25 due to very strong wage gains in CY 2021. 6 For the ECI, there are no available projections for education-specific employment costs, so the U.S. ECI for all private workers from IHS Markit is used, with adjustments by

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Roundtable_Jan_24_2023.pdf

and home values | business profits far above historical levels Expenditures ▪ All FY 22-23 funding increases assumed permanent (e.g., education) ▪ Federal COVID relief/enhanced FMAP (6.2%) ends in FY 22-23 (assumed) ▪ UPDATE: 6.2% (through March) | 5.0% Category 21-22 22-23 $ Diff % Diff Total Expenditures $39.35 $42.77 $3.42 8.7% Pre K-12 Education 10.68 12.01 1.33 12.5 Medical Assistance 6.16 5.87 -0.29 -4.6 Long-Term

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RB_2022_06_Act_105_Pre-Funding_Impact.pdf

Page 2 To date, two employers – The Pennsylvania State University (Penn State, PSU) and the Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education (PASSHE) – have entered into agreements with SERS and have made advance payments. Penn State made an advance payment of $1 Minimum Employer UAL Share Contribution The Pennsylvania State University $1,366 5.9% $1,024 PA State System of Higher Education $1,100 4.8% $825 Administrative Office of Pennsylvania Courts $896 3.9% $672 Pennsylvania House of Representatives $281 1

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RB_2022_03_Student_Loan.pdf

a material factor in decisions to actively seek and accept employment. The latest data from the U.S. Department of Education (September 2021) show that 1.86 million Pennsylvania residents had outstanding student loans of nearly $65 billion, with an average pdf. 3 The article finds that 40% of households (incomes above $74,000 in 2019) owe nearly 60% of outstanding education debt and make 73% of payments. See https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2020/10/09/who-owes- the-

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PSEA_Wage_Contract_Analysis_2023.pdf

in fulfillment of that obligation. The analysis considers the recent collective bargaining agreement between the Commonwealth and the Pennsylvania State Education Association (PSEA), Non-Tenured Teachers Unit. (See Table 1 and Methodology on the last page.) The analysis uses the following 00% January 2024 step increase, multiplied by the 3.75% GPI. Table 1 Analysis of Collective Bargaining Agreement Pennsylvania State Education Association (PSEA), Non-Tenured Teachers 1 Annual savings from the replacement of high-wage senior workers with less experienced lower

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PSEA Wage Contract Analysis- 2020.pdf

in fulfillment of that obligation. The analysis considers the recent collective bargaining agreement between the Commonwealth and the Pennsylvania State Education Association (PSEA), Non-Tenured Teachers Unit. The analysis uses the following parameters and data obtained from the state accounting system 4.25 percent). The total is prorated for the January 2021 effective date. Analysis of Collective Bargaining Agreement Pennsylvania State Education Association (PSEA), Non-Tenured Teachers Unit millions of dollars 1/ Annual savings from the replacement of high-wage senior workers

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Property-Tax-Update-August-2018.pdf

debt related) $1,759 5.7% Total $30,752 100.0% Note: dollar amounts in millions. Source: Pennsylvania Department of Education. Table 2 Reliance on Property Tax by School Districts in FY 2016-17 Quartile Real Estate Tax Collections Property Tax first quartile consists of the 125 districts with the highest share of real estate tax collections. Source: Pennsylvania Department of Education. Computations by the IFO. Table 3 FY 2016-17 School Property Taxes on Owner-Occupied Properties Source All Ages Age

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Presentation_2016-05-12_PaDUC_Impact_of_Demographics.pdf

Example: Age 65+ Healthcare 12.May.2016 Average Annual Growth Population Age 5‐14 ‐0.6% General Inflation 2.1% Education Inflation Premium n.a. Basic Education Expenditure Trend (excluding policy changes) 1.5% 23 Example: K‐12 Education 12.May.2016 Revenue Impacts Revenues Less Responsive

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PBB_2022_PHMC_REPORT.pdf

primary goals of this activity are to preserve historic sites and artifacts related to the history of Penn- sylvania and educate visitors about the role Pennsylvania history played in shaping the nation and its citizens’ lives. The expected outcomes are to use those funds. The primary goals of this activity are to preserve objects related to the history of Pennsylvania and educate visitors about the role history played in shaping citizens’ lives. The expected outcomes are to enhance the vibrancy of the

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PBB_2022_AGRICULTURE_REPORT.pdf

nities and remove barriers, (2) protecting human, animal, environmental, and plant health through regula- tory oversight, (3) promotion of and education about Pennsylvania’s agriculture products and sectors and (4) conserving farmland and natural resources for the prosperity of Pennsylvania. Services courses. ▪ Competitive research funds leveraged represents funding awarded through competitive grants for fun- damental and applied research, extension, and higher education activities, as well as for projects that integrate research, education, and extension functions. ▪ Federal funds leveraged includes National Institute for

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PASBO_March_17_2021.pdf

1 -5.3% -2.7% -0.4% Admin and Waste Management -68 -48 -36 -21.4% -15.0% -11.9% Education (excludes local SD) -37 -13 -25 -14.4% -6.6% -11.0% Healthcare-Social Assistance -109 -51 -52 -10.3% 17, 2021 Payroll Employment: Drilling Down to the Subsector Level 8 Number (000s) Change Jan 2020 Jan 2021 Number Percent Education Colleges-Universities, Prof. Schools 148 125 -23 -16% Local School Districts 275 257 -18 -7% State Education (state system, related

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PACBI_Presentation_March_13_2023.pdf

and $0.8 (2021) billion of state monies. Excludes direct federal monies to state and local government units and higher education institutions. Childcare includes stabilization funds ($820m) and block grants ($865m). PA Labor Market: Pre vs Post Pandemic March 13, 2023 CTC $ billions Executive Budget - Major Policy Initiatives March 13, 2023 11 Area or Policy Description (estimates from Executive Budget) Basic Education Increase $567m (+7.8%) Special Education Increase $104m (+8.4%) State Police Funding Phase-out Motor License Funds ($500m), replace

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NAP-2018-03.pdf

NAP) – Provides a tax credit of up to 55 percent of eligible contributions to affordable housing, community service, crime prevention, education, job training or neighborhood assistance projects. (See Eligible Project Categories in the next section.) Special Program Priorities (SPP) – Provides a The construction or rehabilitation of commercial or industrial buildings, the removal of blight, increased access to employment and job training, education and community service opportunities, and/or crime prevention. Community Services – The provision of counseling or advice, emergency assistance, food assistance

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IFO_Hearing_Packet_Feb2018.pdf

Monthly and Quarterly Revenue Estimate (August 2017)  IFO State Government Committee Hearing (August 2017)  Child Care and Early Education Funding in Pennsylvania (September 2017)  PDA Wage Contract Analysis (September 2017)  School Property Tax and Related Data (November 100.2 113.4 1.1 13.2 All Other 288.3 305.1 329.4 16.8 24.3 Education 214.5 227.2 242.5 12.7 15.3 Healthcare Hospitals-Physicians 450.1 470.4 488.0 20

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IFO_Hearing_Materials_March_2023.pdf

Expenditure Detail Human Services 16,373 19,073 19,723 20,328 20,787 21,308 16.5% 2.8% Education 16,628 17,555 17,957 18,317 18,654 19,006 5.6% 2.0% Corrections 2,732 2 5 1.6 Professional and Technical 364 394 30 8.4 Administration and Waste Manage 302 299 -3 -1.0 Education (excludes local SDs) 229 228 -1 -0.6 Healthcare-Social Assistance 1,066 1,051 -15 -1.4 Arts and

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IFO ppt.pdf

1) service populations, (2) costs to provide the services, and (3) service utilization are the biggest drivers of expenditures. • Welfare, Education, Corrections, Pensions, & Debt Service comprise ~90% of total State GF budget Overview January 18, 2012 Independent Fiscal Office Economic & Budget 3.7% 3.8% 6.9% 3.7% January 18, 2012 Independent Fiscal Office Economic & Budget Outlook 2012 Revenue Conference Education Average Annual Growth Rates Table 4: General Fund Expenditures Demographics and Populations 2011 2003-07 2008-10 2011-14 2015-

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EPLC Feb 2020 FINAL.pdf

ECONOMIC & BUDGET UPDATE Education Policy and Leadership Center Commonwealth of Pennsylvania February 28, 2020 1 Background: Independent Fiscal Office IFO begins operations September 2011 than expected | inflation weaker  Recent windfalls in sales and corporate net income taxes Expenditures concentrated in three agencies  Education (41%) | Human Services (38%) | Corrections (8%)  All other agencies are ~13% | includes debt service (3%)  Demographic pressures and

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Econ_Budget_Outlook_Hearing_Response_Letter_02_2023.pdf

below contains the most recent three years of QCEW employee headcounts by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) category within Education Services (NAICS = 61, excludes elementary and secondary schools (NAICS 6111)). 2019 2020 2021 Change College, universities and professional schools 151 Business schools and computer and mgmt. training 2 2.0 1.7 1.9 0.0 Other schools, instruction and education support services 1,3 22.5 19.3 21.4 -1.2 Total post-secondary (excludes elem. & secondary schools) 196

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CIVEA_Wage_Contract_Analysis_2023.pdf

fulfillment of that obligation. The analysis considers the recent collective bargaining agreement between the Commonwealth and the Correctional Institution Vocational Education Association (CIVEA). (See Table 1 and Methodology on the last page.) The analysis uses the following parameters and data obtained January 2024 step increase, multiplied by the 2.0% GPI. Table 1 Analysis of Collective Bargaining Agreement Correctional Institution Vocational Education Association (CIVEA) 1 Annual savings from the replacement of high-wage senior workers with less experienced lower wage workers (2

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CIVEA Wage Contract Analysis- 2019.pdf

fulfillment of that obligation. The analysis considers the recent collective bargaining agreement between the Commonwealth and the Correctional Institution Vocational Education Association (CIVEA). The analysis uses the following parameters and data obtained from the state accounting system as of September 30 percent GPI. The total is prorated for the January 2021 effective date. Analysis of Collective Bargaining Agreement Correctional Institution Vocational Education Association (CIVEA) millions of dollars 1/ Annual savings from the replacement of high-wage senior workers with less experienced lower

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Act_1_Index_Update_Nov_2023.pdf

gap between statewide revenue growth and the base index. 1 School districts may seek approval from the Pennsylvania Department of Education to raise the millage rate by a rate that exceeds its index for increased expenditures in one of three categories: special education, certain debt, and retirement contributions. 2 The SAWW is computed and published by the Pennsylvania Department of Labor and Industry

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TC_2023_Manufacturing.pdf

state could have spent the funds in another more efficient manner (e.g., other more efficient economic development programs, infrastructure, education, etc.). 14 ▪ Most recently, a 2018 study by the Upjohn Institute examined 34 separate “but for” estimates that used statistical in the southeast and southwest, have a larger concentra- tion of high-paying positions specifically in the medical and higher education fields. This makes it difficult for manufacturers in those counties to qualify for the program due to the higher average

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TC_2021_Keystone_Special_Development_Zones_Update.pdf

state discretionary spending is reduced and the monies used to finance the tax credit would have otherwise been spent on education and health care. 24 19 Although the tax credit offsets roughly 3 to 4 percent of labor compensation costs, it revenues that would have been generated if the state funds had been used for a different purpose such as local education, road repairs or tax cuts. The gross and net ROI are useful metrics, but they are limited because the ultimate

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TC_2020_Organ and Bone Marrow Donation Tax Credit.pdf

provide paid leave for medically required absences related to organ or bone marrow donation.  Increase outreach and education regarding the OBMD. 1 Article XVIII of the Tax Reform Code of 1971 (P.L. 6, No. 2), as amended. - This page employers, the paid leave should also be provided for living donors employed in state government. Increase outreach and education related to the Organ and Bone Marrow Donation Tax Credit. The Department of Revenue could partner with tax preparers, and the Department

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TC_2020_Mobile Telecommunications Broadband Investment Tax Credit.pdf

overstated. This analysis assumes that discretionary spending would be reduced and those monies would have been spent on education, healthcare and infrastructure. For the purpose of this analysis, a $4.25 million spending offset is used. 16 It is assumed that 0 * 0.85 = $4.25 million. 17 This is a simplifying assumption. In reality, state spending on healthcare, education and infrastructure would have different multiplier impacts. 18 The Bureau of Economic Analysis RIMS II multiplier is applicable to broadcast and wireless

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TC_2019_Historic_Preservation_Tax_Credit_Report.pdf

political subdivisions, along with the private sector, to promote the use and conservation of such property for the education, inspiration, pleasure, and enrichment of the citizens of this state. 7 State of Georgia Although not explicitly stated, this review assumes that because it did not alter outcomes, and the funds could have been used for other purposes, such as education, healthcare and road construction that have economic implications. Without the state tax credit, would a firm choose a different (non-historic) structure

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Tax_Credit_and_PBB_Overview_2019-01-24.pdf

7% Securities Licensing/Reg./Examin. 39 20.9% 4.4 13.0% Administration 27 14.7% 12.9 38.1% Education and Outreach 7 3.8% 1.2 3.4% Total 186 100.0% 34.0 100.0% Note: Includes all of Banking and Securities impacts historical trends in the report.  Educational programs are shifting to professional outreach and targeted education efforts. January 24, 2019 14 Recommendations Report percent of assets in state-chartered institutions with satisfactory CAMELS Composite ratings. Publish

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TaxCredit and PBB Overview- 2019-01-24.pptx

7 % Securities Licensing/Reg./ Examin . 39 20.9 % 4.4 13.0 % Administration 27 14.7 % 12.9 38.1 % Education and Outreach 7 3.8 % 1.2 3.4 % Total 186 100.0 % 34.0 100.0 % Note: Includes all Department of Banking and Securities impacts historical trends in the report. ▪ Educational programs are shifting to professional outreach and targeted education efforts . January 24, 2019 14 Recommendations ▪ Report percent of assets in state-chartered institutions with satisfactory CAMELS Composite ratings. ▪ Publish

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TaxCredit and PBB Overview- 2019-01-24.pdf

7% Securities Licensing/Reg./Examin. 39 20.9% 4.4 13.0% Administration 27 14.7% 12.9 38.1% Education and Outreach 7 3.8% 1.2 3.4% Total 186 100.0% 34.0 100.0% Note: Includes all of Banking and Securities impacts historical trends in the report.  Educational programs are shifting to professional outreach and targeted education efforts. January 24, 2019 14 Recommendations Report percent of assets in state-chartered institutions with satisfactory CAMELS Composite ratings. Publish

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State-Tax-Comparison-2020-01.pdf

General Assembly: State and local taxes are necessary to fund the many services provided by governments such as education, law enforcement, healthcare, the building and maintenance of public roads and highways, and the management of natural resources. State and local governments 1 billion of refundable credits paid to Pennsylvania residents, such as the Earned Income Tax Credit and the Education Credit. Due to the progressive federal rate structure, state rankings for federal income tax will be a function of the income dispersion

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SERS_Stress_Test_Impact_Analysis_2022.pdf

contributions. Note that figures include offsets for credits claimed by The Pennsylvania State University and Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education (PASSHE) due to their participation in the pre-funding option provided by Act 105 of 2019. 5,6 3 See www.ifo.state.pa.us/download.cfm?file=Re- sources/Documents/RB_2022_06_Act_105_Pre-Funding_Impact.pdf. 6 The projections assume that neither education system uses General Fund revenues for pension contributions. 1.0% 1.5% 2.0% 2.5% 3.0% 3.5%

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SD_Prop_Tax_Update_Jun_2023.pdf

This update provides an overview of statewide school district (SD) property tax collections as published by the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE) and an outlook for future collections based on the latest available data and economic projections by the Independent Fiscal 2020); 7.2% (2021); 9.3% (2022) and 5.6% (2023). For the ECI, there are no available projections for education-specific employment costs, so the forecast uses the U.S. ECI for all private workers from IHS Markit, with adjustments

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SD_Prop_Tax_Update_Aug_2022.pdf

This update provides an overview of statewide school district (SD) property tax collections as published by the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE) and an outlook for future collections based on the latest available data and economic projections by the Independent Fiscal 2019); 7.9% (2020); 4.9% (2021); and 5.4% (2022). For the ECI, there are no available projections for education-specific employment costs, so the forecast uses the U.S. ECI for all private workers from IHS Markit, with adjustments

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Revenue_Proposal_Analysis_2023_05.pdf

500). Eligible applicants must provide (1) certification from the Pennsylvania State Board of Nursing or the Penn- sylvania Department of Education or (2) a training certificate issued by the Municipal Police Officers’ Edu- cation and Training Commission or the Pennsylvania State total collections. 3 See: https://legis.delaware.gov/BillDetail/78929. 4 “HB 32 Teacher Tax Credit Program,” Georgia Department of Education. 5 “2022 Nurse’s Credit Statement,” New Mexico Taxation and Revenue Department. 6 May 2022 Pennsylvania State Occupational Employment and

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Revenue-Proposal-Analysis-2020-04.pdf

workers. The employment impacts are concentrated in lower-wage industries, younger workers and those with lower levels of education. Center on Wage and Employment Dynamics (2017) 27 This study also examines the increase in the Seattle minimum wage to $11.00 suppressed in the OES dataset. For primary and secondary school employees, wage data from the Pennsylvania Department of Education was used to calculate the wage distribution. For all other occupations with suppressed wages, this analysis assumed that the employees earned above

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Revenue-Estimate-2020-05-Presentation.pdf

0.1 Professional Business 2.1 1.9 1.3 -9.0 0.8 0.7 0.1 -9.1 Education 3.9 3.1 1.4 -10.3 1.7 2.3 -2.3 -15.5 Healthcare 2.3 2 3 -86.5 Transport-Storage 8.7 8.8 -6.9 Administration-Waste Management 2.4 2.9 -36.9 Education 1.9 0.3 -11.3 Healthcare 13.6 6.9 -27.6 Social Assistance 13.8 14.2 -8

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Response-Letter-09-12-2019-Part-2.pdf

4 Based on FY 2019-20 Act 1 allocations for all 500 school districts, including Philadelphia. Source: Pennsylvania Department of Education. Current Filers: New or Increased Supplemental Number Dollar Average Household Income Affected Amount 1 Increase $0 - $8,000 34,430 900,523 -2,204,000 York Suburban 664,362 -505,000 Yough 768,337 -584,000 Source: Pennsylvania Department of Education. Computations by the IFO. Author: Charlene Raves Creator: Microsoft® Word 2016 CreationDate: 2019-09-17 17:18:26 ModDate: 2019-

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RB_2023_08_Property_Tax_Burden_by_County.pdf

the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) and Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and property tax data from the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE) and Department of Community and Economic Development (DCED) to estimate the 2021 property tax burden by county. For all uses actual FY 2021-22 current, interim and delinquent school district property tax revenues published by the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE). School district revenues are summed to their respective counties based on how they are reported by PDE. The analysis

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RB_2023_06_Student_Loan_Repayment.pdf

for 2019. The analysis uses $300 per month due to the five-year time gap and increasing cost of higher education. See: https://www.federalreserve.gov/publications/2020-economic-well-being-of-us-households-in-2019-student-loans-other- education-debt.htm. 3 The economic and revenue impact analysis assumes a 12% default rate, so that net repayments are $5

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RB_2022_10_Worker_Shortage.pdf

with notable job losses include non-profits and advocacy entities (-15,200), colleges and universities (-15,000) and state government-education (-9,300). The bottom of the table displays two subsectors with significant job gains: warehousing and storage (+31,500) and Professional, Advocacy 136.2 121.0 -15.2 Colleges, Universities and Professional 163.3 148.3 -15.0 State Government Education 60.3 51.0 -9.3 All Manufacturing 572.4 564.0 -8.4 Accommodation 61.4 55.1 -6

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RB_2021_09_Pension_Outlook.pdf

advance contributions: (1) The Pennsylvania State University ($1.1 billion in 2020) and (2) the Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education ($825 million in 2021). • Act 128 of 2020: Enacts administrative and reporting changes for SERS and PSERS. Most notably, the UAL. Calculations by the IFO. 3 Includes $825 million prepayment in unfunded liability from the Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education. 1 SERS reported on calendar year basis except for Employer Contribution Rate. Includes all funds. 2 Includes $1.1 billion

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Prop_Tax_Burden_by_County_2022.pdf

the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) and Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and property tax data from the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE) and Department of Community and Economic Development (DCED). For all counties, the property tax burden reflects the Homestead Exemption uses actual FY 2020-21 current, interim and delinquent school district property tax revenues published by the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE). School district revenues are summed to their respective counties based on how they are reported by PDE. The analysis

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Presentation_PBC_6-12-14.pdf

Professional Services 49 11.6% 946 9.9% Total -8 -0.1% 575 0.4% * Includes: transportation, administration and support, education, wholesale-retail and other services. Note: calendar years, change in average annual levels. 2014 figures are forecast from 2013 preliminary demand for healthcare. o Pension contributions. Can States Escape Demographic Constraints? o Export based industries. o Attraction of non-residents: education, tourism, healthcare. o Encourage high value-added industries. 12.June.2014 25 Wrap Up 12.June.2014 26 Questions/Discussion

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Presentation_2017_02_10_EPLC.pdf

funding shifts, pensions and employee compensation. Remaining expenditures classified as discretionary.  Includes agency operations and the basic and special education subsidies. Non-Discretionary Expenditures 10.Feb.2017 11 Discretionary vs. Non-Discretionary 10.Feb.2017 12 1,631 1,294 3.0% Other $855 3.1% Total $27,578 100.0% Note: dollar amounts in millions. Source: Pennsylvania Department of Education. Reliance on Property Tax Varies 10.Feb.2017 23 Group FY 14-15 Property Tax Collections Property Tax Percent of

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Presentation-2018-10-Performance-Based-Budget-Board.pdf

management, police services, publications and mail  Banking & Securities  5 activities focusing on depository institutions, non-depository institutions, securities, education and outreach October 15, 2018 Comparison with Traditional Budget Process Performance-Based Budget Plan  The building blocks of the technical assistance to state and local governments to implement evidence-based policymaking 11 Social policy areas: Behavioral Health Criminal Justice Education Public Health Monetize costs and benefits over the long term to calculate ROI for specific interventions Used to inform decisions

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Presentation-2018-06-PASBO.pdf

Delinquent 575 569 552 Total 13,390 13,714 14,136 Note: Dollar amounts in millions. Source: Pennsylvania Department of Education, Annual Financial Reports. 14 June.05.2018 Most Recent Forecast – Jan 2018 0.0% 1.0% 2.0% 3.0% daily membership between 2010-11 and 2016-17. There are 125 school districts in each group. Source: Pennsylvania Department of Education. 19 Few school districts are growing.  Only 115 school districts displayed any growth for the most recent 6-year

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perez ppt.pdf

FY 2012 State Budget Outlook: Challenges Fastest Growing Areas of FY 2012 Budgets  Medicaid (34 states)  K-12 Education (13 states)  State employee retirement and benefits costs (10 states)  Various health and human services programs (7 states NCSL survey of state legislative fiscal offices, fall 2011. 0 5 10 15 20 25 Budget Medicaid Pensions/State Employees Education Taxes/Revenues Transportation/Infrastructure Federal Deficit Reduction 22 19 14 14 7 7 6 States/Jurisdictions $40.3 $145.9

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PBB_Board_Hearing_Jan_25_2022.pdf

58.6% Elder Justice and Protection 9 11.7% 49 9.1% Pharmaceutical Assistance 8 9.6% 126 23.3% Education, Health and Outreach 4 5.4% 5 0.9% Advocate for Older Adults 3 4.2% 8 1.5% Total Fund Appropriations (FY 2021-22) January 25, 2022 3 Appropriations Aging Services Elder Justice & Protection Admin. Advocate for Older Adults Education, Health and Outreach Other Total PENNCARE $217.0 $33.6 $23.3 $5.0 $2.9 $0.2 $282.0

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PBB_2021_PennDOT_REPORT_ADDENDUM.pdf

PA Highway Statistics (2019) and PennDOT's Roadway Condition Reporting System data. 6 Motor License Fund expenditure for motorcycle safety education divided by the number of motorcyclists that were trained. Calculations by the IFO. 4 A common example would involve a internal tracking of registered participants. Note: Data inclusive of PennDOT Integrated Professional Learning Program, PennDOT Mentoring Program, and LEAD – Leadership, Education, Achievement, and Development – Program. For purposes of interpreting percentages for this table, the percentage associated for each column total is

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Official-Revenue-Estimate-2020-06-Presentation.pdf

0.6 Professional Business 1.9 1.3 -9.2 -8.7 0.7 0.1 -9.9 -9.5 Education 3.1 1.4 -10.6 -10.2 2.3 -2.3 -16.1 -14.7 Healthcare 2.2 1 3 -70.1 Transport-Storage 8.7 8.8 -8.2 Administration-Waste Management 2.4 2.9 -29.3 Education 1.9 0.3 -12.6 Healthcare 13.6 6.9 -26.4 Social Assistance 13.8 14.2 -6

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NCSL_PA_IFO_11_15_21.pdf

Executive Legislative and Executive Has not allocated NATIONAL CONFERENCE OF STATE LEGISLATURES 12 Economic Relief Human Services Workforce Development 12 Education Housing Arts and Tourism Water Infrastructure Broadband CSFRF Major Allocation Categories Public Health still a major priority! State Ops/Admin. Unemployment Trust Fund NATIONAL CONFERENCE OF STATE LEGISLATURES 13 Economic Relief Human Services Workforce Development 13 Education Housing Arts and Tourism Water Infrastructure Broadband *Number of states allocating to categories *at least Public Health State Ops/Admin

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MTR-2017-04.pdf

doctoral degree and all other professional degrees comprise the remaining 7%. 1 Studies show that those who obtain a higher education are more likely to move to urban areas, southern or coastal states, whereas those with a high school diploma are both generally have higher tax rates and a less affordable housing market. Despite the tendency for individuals with a higher education to move to urban or coastal areas, this inflow could reflect a new trend of graduates in search of a

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Monthly_Economic_Update_October_2020.pdf

by -7.8% (-477,000 jobs) from September 2019. (Note: data used are not seasonally adjusted.) Of particular note, the education (-15.0% decline from last September), state government (-6.6%) and local government (-5.5%) sectors recorded stronger job losses employment will contract as the decennial Census concludes. Overall, the private sector recorded modest employment gains, while the government and education sectors reported accelerating losses which coincides with the start of the school year. Monthly Economic Update October 2020 Monthly Data

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Monthly_Economic_Update_February_2022.pdf

results. For professional and business services, December data show real growth, while prior months show contraction. Results for the large education and healthcare sector are mixed, but show recent contraction. The finance and real estate sector shows real gains for all 2% -3.1% -2.1% 3.0% Trade and Transportation -1.0% -0.7% -0.3% -5.0% -5.2% Education and Healthcare 0.7% 1.2% 1.8% -1.3% -1.3% Finance and Real Estate 5.4% 4.7%

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Monthly_Economic_Update_April_2020.pdf

essentially flat (0.1%, 6,200 jobs, not seasonally adjusted). The transportation-utilities (2.8%), financial activities (2.2%) and education-healthcare service (1.0%) industries had the largest employment gains. Mining-logging (-8.8%), leisure-hospitality (-2.2%) and wholesale comprised over 50% of the total initial claims submitted for the week: (1) trade, transportation, and utilities (22.6%), (2) education-healthcare services (16.7%) and (3) leisure-hospitality (15.9%). Continued claims show double-digit shares for six industries, with

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Labor_Market_Update_Sept_2021.pdf

released in October), non-seasonally adjusted payroll jobs typically increase by 60,000 as many jobs are added in the education and government (local school districts) sectors, but are partially offset by losses in leisure-hospitality. For that reason, and because 4 -6.2 -2.8 Administration-Waste Manage -42.0 -41.6 -41.5 2.7 -1.5 1.5 Education 1.3 1.8 4.2 -23.1 -2.8 1.7 Healthcare-Social Assistance -64.4 -67.9 -71

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Labor_Market_Update_July_2021.pdf

jobs were added in June. However, non-seasonally adjusted payroll jobs typically decline in June due to reductions in the education (colleges and universities) and government (local school districts) sectors. The bottom portion of the table displays data for COVID-related 5 6.3 5.7 Administration-Waste Manage -42.7 -48.3 -41.6 9.9 2.2 3.1 Education -23.8 -10.4 -4.4 1.5 -5.8 -28.8 Healthcare-Social Assistance -61.9 -67.2 -63

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House_State_Gov_Comm_Presentation_August_2021.pdf

sum payments: (1) The Pennsylvania State University ($1.1 billion in 2020) and (2) the Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education ($825 million in 2021). • Act 128 of 2020: Enacts administrative and reporting changes for SERS and PSERS. The act requires University. 3 SERS 2021 employer contributions include $825 million prepayment in unfunded liability from The Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education. 4 PSERS FY 2020-21 returns are preliminary. Final figures are not yet available and will affect UAL and employer

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House_Maj_Policy_Com_Testimony_June_8_2022.pdf

SERS and PSERS $3,980 S&P 500 down 13% for YTD Healthcare $999 $9 $31 Program Costs K-12 Education $11,111 $108 $343 Discretionary, but costs passed to locals Human Services $17,200 $154 $527 Excludes enhanced FMAP offset Debt Service $1,208 Higher Education $1,816 $18 $56 Includes PHEAA Corrections $648 $6 $20 Operating, meals, inmate healthcare All Other $1,369 $13 $42

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House Appropriation Response Letter 2-28-2020.pdf

51.0 68.8 166.7 Drug and Alcohol Programs 0.2 0.5 0.8 1.1 2.6 Education 1.6 3.4 5.4 7.3 17.6 Environmental Protection 7.0 15.1 24.0 32.4 the following: American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees (AFSCME), Association of Liquor Enforcement Officers (ALES), Correctional Institution Vocational Education Association (CIVEA), Federation of State Cultural and Educational Professionals (FOSCEP), Independent State Stores Union (ISSU), Office & Professional Employees International Union

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Five_Year_Outlook_Presentation_2023_final.pdf

Assumption Alternative Assumption Annual Impact State Related funding flat in FY 23-24 HB 612 (+7.6% growth) -$45 Higher Education flatlined all future years grow by inflation (+2.4%) -$47 Basic and Special Education grow with inflation +1.0% growth per annum -$94 State Police MLF funding remains at $375 million eliminate MLF funding

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Five_Year_Outlook_Presentation_2021.pdf

176 -26 -12.9% Accommodations 61 46 -16 -25.6% Amusements and Gaming 75 61 -15 -19.5% Local Government - Education 275 264 -11 -4.0% Services to Buildings 82 74 -9 -10.4% Transit and Ground Passenger 39 30 -9 Child Welfare 67 45 46 46 46 3.1 Intellectual Disability 228 82 84 86 89 3.3 Basic-Special Education 225 188 189 193 198 2.3 PSERS 200 78 65 74 71 2.4 SERS 58 -18 -44 -22

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Five_Year_Outlook_2016_IFO_PPT.pdf

Other 2.7% Cigarette -3.4% TOTAL 3.6% Agency Growth DHS 5.1% Debt 4.5% Other 3.5% Education 3.3% Corrections 3.2% TOTAL 4.1% Average Growth Rates | FY 2017-18 to FY 2021-22 0.5% funding shifts, pensions and employee compensation. Remaining expenditures classified as discretionary.  Includes agency operations and the basic and special education subsidies. 11/15/2016 26 Discretionary vs. Non-Discretionary 11/15/2016 27 1,631 1,294 1,185 1

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Economic_and_Revenue_Update_2020.pdf

September 2019) Minimum Wage Increase Estimates (October 2019) Redevelopment Assistance Capital Program (October 2019) Tax Incentive Expansion (December 2019) Special Education Survey (November 2019, unpublished) Property Tax Homestead Exclusion and PIT (March 2019) School District Property Tax Forecast (March 2019) Property Professional Services 3.0 2.4 6.7 6.0% Administrative Support 1.2 0.6 -2.9 5.1% Education 0.5 2.3 -3.2 3.9% Colleges-Universities 0.6 2.2 -1.4 2.6% Other -0

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Econ Summit Presentation Feb 28 2017.pdf

Amounts Growth 2015-16 2016-17 2015-16 2016-17 Human Services $11,390 $12,068 1.2% 6.0% Education 10,382 10,733 -0.2% 3.4% Corrections 1,963 2,059 2.6% 4.9% Debt 1,128  Budget requires close scrutiny. • Certain programs grow automatically (healthcare and retirement). • Forward looking investments may comprise a smaller share: education, infrastructure and capital formation. • Also consider regular review of tax credits and tax expenditures. February 28, 2017 15 February 28

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Demographics_Outlook_2023.pdf

contractors.) For these workers, the data reveal that: ▪ The arts-entertainment (11.4%), other services (10.5%), retail-wholesale and education (both 9.9%) have a relatively high share of workers age 65 to 79. (See third column of data.) Many 6.9 26.5 6.0 Admin and Waste Management 75.7 16.2 8.1 25.6 5.8 Education (excludes local SD) 71.2 18.9 9.9 17.8 4.1 Healthcare-Social Assistance 73.6 18.8

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County_Property_Tax_Burden_Aug_2021.pdf

the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) and Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and property tax data from the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE) and Department of Community and Economic Development (DCED). For all counties, the property tax burden reflects the Homestead Exemption analysis uses actual FY 2019-20 current and interim school district property tax revenues published by the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE). School district revenues are summed to their respective counties based on how they are reported by PDE. The analysis

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Budget_Hearing_Background-Feb2014.pdf

6.0% Professional 316 322 7 2.1% Management 112 132 20 17.9% Administrative 285 295 10 3.5% Education 224 232 9 3.9% Health 867 952 85 9.8% Leisure-Hospitality 505 533 29 5.7% Other Service 196 377 4.8% Management 1,902 2,057 155 8.1% Administrative 8,270 8,513 243 2.9% Education 2,994 3,398 403 13.5% Health 15,652 17,432 1,780 11.4% Leisure-Hospitality 13,539

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Analysis of Recent Collective Bargaining Agreements.pdf

obligation. The analysis considers collective bargaining agreements between the Commonwealth and the following six labor unions: 1 • Correctional Institution Vocational Education Association (CIVEA) • Federation of State Cultural and Educational Professionals (FOSCEP) • Office and Professional Employees International Union (OPEIU), Healthcare Pennsylvania • Pennsylvania State Education Association (PSEA), Non-Tenured Teachers • Service Employees International Union (SEIU), Healthcare Pennsylvania • United Food and Commercial Workers (UFCW) The attached

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Act_25_Letter_Feb_2022.pdf

Act 1 index. 1 After implementation of Act 25, exceptions were only allowed to be used for pension and special education spending and certain debt service. The Act also changed the exception for pensions to exclude increases in aggregate salaries (at IFO utilized three data sources, which are as follows: • Annual report on referendum exceptions, published by the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE). This report includes amounts of approved exceptions by type and the total amount of used exceptions. These data show

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2024_Wage_Contract_Summary_Table.pdf

Enforcement Officers 7/1/2023 6/30/2027 2/16/2024 0 0 1 1 2 CIVEA Correctional Institution Vocational Education Association 7/1/2023 6/30/2027 10/26/2023 3 5 6 8 21 FOSCEP Federation of State Cultural Liquor Enforcement Association 7/1/2023 6/30/2027 11/9/2023 1 1 2 2 6 PSEA PA State Education Association, Non- Tenured Teachers 7/1/2023 6/30/2027 12/14/2023 0 0 0 1 2 PSSU PA

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2022_Mid_Year_Update.pdf

7.0 Professional and Technical 8 11 2.1 2.8 Admin-Waste Management -44 -46 -13.6 -16.8 Education (excludes local SD) 2 -9 1.0 -3.7 Healthcare-Social Assistance -43 -48 -4.1 -4.7 Arts-Entertainment Dec 21) Used Cars +38.1% Gasoline +37.4% Energy +25.1% New Cars +22.4% Relatively Low (Dec 21) Education-Comm +1.9% Medical Care +3.3% Shelter +4.3% -5% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% YOY Growth in December

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2019_Wage_Contract_Summary_Table.pdf

6/30/2023 11/6/2019 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.5 1.2 CIVEA Correctional Institution Vocational Education Association 7/1/2019 6/30/2023 2/26/2020 1.1 2.3 4.3 5.5 13.3 2019 6/30/2023 10/8/2019 0.4 0.8 1.3 1.7 4.2 PSEA Pennsylvania State Education Association, Non- Tenured Teachers 7/1/2019 6/30/2023 7/2/2020 0.1 0.2 0.3 0

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TC_Board_Hearing_Jan_24_2022.pdf

for administrative and other costs January 24, 2022 8 #4 Educational Tax Credits 19 states offer tax credit for private education ▪ Most offer to individuals and businesses | 10 provide a 100% credit ▪ PA tax credit amount ($280m) 2 nd highest after

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TC_2023_Waterfront_Development.pdf

WDTC Contributions by Category Note: Dollar amounts in millions. Source: Department of Community and Economic Development. Urban Development, $1.72 Education, $0.75 Water Infrastructure, $0.28 Public Access, $1.49 Source: Department of Community and Economic Development. Figure 2.2

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TC_2023_PA_Resource_Manufacturing.pdf

manufacturing industry (6.08) is high compared to other industries such as home health care services (1.39) or public education (1.42). 16 This is due to (1) a clustering effect from related upstream and downstream firms that locate in

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TC_2022_Coal_Refuse_Energy_and_Reclamation.pdf

the tax revenues that would have been generated from the alternative use of tax credit monies (e.g., spending on education or healthcare, tax cuts) or the return on investment (net additional state tax revenues divided by total tax credits, or

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TC_2019_Film_Production_Tax_Credit_Report.pdf

This analysis assumes that discre- tionary spending would be reduced and those monies would have been spent on education, healthcare and 17 A November 2018 report by the California Film Commission tracked productions that were approved for credit allo- cations but

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Tax_Credits_and_Other_Incentives_2024.pdf

Improvement Tax Credits (EITC) and $61.1 million in Educational Opportunity Scholarship Tax Credits (OSTC). In total, utilization of the Education Tax Credits increased $96.6 million from FY 2021-22. For FY 2023-24, the program caps increased from $340

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Summary_Tax_Credit_Reviews_Oct_2023.pdf

the maximum absence period covered by the tax credit. ▪ Provide direct financial support to the living donor. ▪ Increase outreach and education related to the tax credit. Other Highlights ▪ Nationally, there were 6,831 living organ donors in 2018 (excludes bone marrow

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State_Tax_Comparison_2022_01.pdf

the Pennsylvania General Assembly: State and local taxes are necessary to fund the many services provided by governments such as education, law enforcement, healthcare, the building and maintenance of public roads and highways, and the management of natural resources. State and

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State_Tax_Comparison_2020_11.pdf

General Assembly: State and local taxes are necessary to fund the many services provided by governments such as education, law enforcement, healthcare, the building and maintenance of public roads and highways, and the management of natural resources. State and local governments

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SR2017-03.pdf

approximately $2.1 billion of refundable credits paid to Pennsylvania residents, such as the Earned Income Tax Credit and the Education Credit. Due to the progressive federal rate structure, state rankings for federal income tax will be a function of the

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Smetters_Presentation_Full.pdf

PWBM Model with Tax Module Penn Wharton Budget Model 5 We always validate before projecting forward: A few examples 6 Education (1996 – 2070) Penn Wharton Budget Model 7 Census Data Microsimulation Disability (1996 – 2070) Penn Wharton Budget Model 8 Census Data

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SERS_Stress_Test_Impact_Analysis_2023.pdf

tions. Note that figures include offsets for credits claimed by The Pennsylvania State University and Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education (PASSHE) due to their participation in the pre-funding option provided by Act 105 of 2019. 5 3 See: Pennsylvania

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Senate_Maj_Policy_Comm_April_13_2021.pdf

9% Professional and Technical -19 -1 -5.3% -0.2% Administration and Waste Management -68 -36 -21.4% -11.9% Education (excludes local SD) -37 -31 -14.4% -12.1% Healthcare-Social Assistance -109 -49 -10.3% -4.6% Arts-Entertainment

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Senate_Appropriations_Committee_Response_Letter_2022.pdf

the FY 2021-22 and FY 2022-23 appropriations proposed in the Executive Budget are adopted. For the Department of Education, the updated financial statement incorporates appropriations proposed in the Executive Budget through FY 2026-27 to reflect the impact of

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Revenue_Proposal_Analysis_2021_04.pdf

occupations are suppressed in the OES dataset. For primary and secondary school employees, wage data from the Pennsylvania Department of Education was used to calculate the wage distribution. For all other occupations with suppressed wages, this analysis assumed that the employees

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Revenue_Estimate_Presentation_2022_05.pdf

0.4 Professional and Technical 4 23 1.0 6.3 Admin-Waste Management -26 -23 -8.2 -7.2 Education (excludes local SD) -27 -13 -10.4 -5.0 Healthcare-Social Assistance -40 -45 -3.8 -4.2 Arts-Entertainment

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Revenue_Estimate_2021_05_Presentation.pdf

7 -1 -5.3 -2.0 -0.3 Admin-Waste Management -68 -50 -47 -21.4 -15.0 -14.9 Education (excludes local SD) -37 -27 -21 -14.4 -10.6 -8.3 Healthcare-Social Assistance -109 -39 -60 -10.3

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Revenue_and_Economic_Update_Presentation_2020_10.pdf

27 -23 -5.6% -5.4% -4.6% Administration-Waste Man. -53 -33 -27 -16.8% -10.3% -8.3% Education -42 -9 -36 -16.1% -4.3% -15.0% Healthcare -89 -39 -34 -10.9% -4.7% -4.1% Social

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Revenue-Update-2020-04.pdf

represents general state aid administered by the U.S. Treasury Department, and the remaining $1.8 billion represents support for education, public health initiatives, food and nutrition access, small urbanized and rural transit agencies and other various activities. 3  Local

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Revenue-Proposal-Analysis-2019-03.pdf

college students who work limited hours. Over time, those indi- viduals will receive higher wages commensurate with their education and experience. Opponents believe that higher minimum wages will prevent students from obtaining employment and gaining valuable work experience. The need for

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Response_Letter_9_23_2019.pdf

senior homeowners. Therefore, those amounts are itemized in Table 2. Based on data from the ACS and Pennsylvania Department of Education, the analysis assumes that homeowners remit 57.5 percent of total school district property taxes. Of that amount, the analysis

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Response_Letter_2021_April.pdf

taxes not directly included in the analysis. Based on data from the American Community Survey (ACS) and Pennsylvania Department of Education, the analysis assumes that homeowners remit 57.5% of total school district property taxes. Of that amount, the analysis assumes

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Response-Letter-09-19-2019.pdf

Tax Rent Rebate (PTRR) program. 1 The analysis uses data from the American Community Survey (ACS), the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE) and the Pennsylvania Department of Community and Economic Development (DCED). 2 The estimates apply to senior homeowners only, and

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RB_2023_08_Wage_Contract.pdf

not reviewed by the IFO and other state government entities (e.g., Treasury, Judiciary, Legislature, PA State System of Higher Education) are excluded from the analysis. 3 Average salary for a full-time AFSCME employee on June 30, 2022, from the

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RB_2023_07_CNIT_Data.pdf

825$313 11.1% $251 8.4% Management 3,371 $2,322$396 17.1% $192 6.4% Healthcare and Education 4,210 $709 $80 11.3% $63 2.1% Leisure and Hospitality 4,836 $1,081$286 26.5% $79

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RB_2021_01_Economic_Impact_of_Federal_Stimulus.pdf

of general aid to state and local governments; $2.6 billion to transit agencies; and $2.6 billion to higher education. Economic Impact of Federal Stimulus Independent Fiscal Office | Research Brief | May 2021 Independent Fiscal Office Page 2 emergency SNAP allotments

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RB_2020_12_PPP_Loans_to_PA_Businesses.pdf

5.4% $2,676 12.9% $285,470 Retailer-Wholesaler 21,791 12.6% $2,673 12.9% $122,650 Education 2,836 1.6% $544 2.6% $191,668 Healthcare-Social Assistance 17,380 10.0% $2,946 14.2%

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RB-2020-COVID-19 Local Revenue Impact.pdf

top bank of figures show amounts reported to the Department of Community and Economic Development (DCED) or Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE) by calendar year or school year. The middle portion of the table shows the EIT base as reported by

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PSERS_Stress_Test_Impact_Analysis_2024.pdf

revenue projections and pension contributions attributable to the General Fund from the state appropriation made through the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE) and focuses on changes that impact FY 2024-25 to FY 2051-52. General Fund revenue estimates through FY

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PSERS_Stress_Test_Impact_Analysis_2023.pdf

and pension contributions attribut- able only to the General Fund from the state appropriation made through the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE) and focuses on changes that impact FY 2023-24 to FY 2050-51. General Fund revenue estimates through FY

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PSBA_January_19_2022.pdf

2022 4 Very High Used Cars +38.1% Gasoline +37.4% Energy +25.1% New Cars +22.4% Relatively Low Education-Comm +1.9% Medical Care +3.3% Shelter +4.3% -5% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% YOY Growth in December

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PSBA-Property-Tax-Update-March-2020.pdf

282 100.0% Note: Millions of dollars. State monies include contributions to PSERS ($2.3 billion). Source: Pennsylvania Department of Education. Growth Rate of School Property Tax to Increase March 13, 2020 3 0.0% 1.0% 2.0% 3.0%

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PSBA Presentation - Final.pdf

Other (debt related) $855 3.1% Total $27,578 100.0% Note: dollar amounts in millions. Source: Pennsylvania Department of Education. State and Local Tax Burdens 1/19/2017 4 PA US Diff Total State and Local Taxes 10.40% 10

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Presentation_PICPA_9-24-2013.pdf

2013 25 Table 10 General Fund Expenditures Agency 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 Education 10,960 11,425 11,954 12,499 12,810 13,107 Public Welfare 10,585 10,959 11,385

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Presentation_PICPA_12-3-2014.pdf

15 15-16 16-17 17-18 18-19 19-20 Pensions Medical Assistance and Long-Term Living K-12 Education All Other 3.Dec.2014 Dollar Change in Expenditures $604 $1,750 $1,302 $1,201 $1,078 $1,106

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Presentation_2016-06-08_GPNP_Budget_Outlook.pdf

additional resources from PHEAA to maintain grants. Changes Since January Report FY 2015‐16 Appropriation Changes in Act 1A Basic Education Subsidy $50 Medical Assistance Programs ‐153 PHEAA Grants ‐ 39 Other (various increases/decreases) ‐8 Total ‐150 Note: dollar amounts are

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PICPA_NPG_Presentation_2021_07.pdf

University. 3 SERS 2021 employer contributions include $825 million prepayment in unfunded liability from The Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education. Pension Funding as Share of Total General Fund Revenues July 13, 2021 2 FYE SERS PSERS Total Annual Growth Share

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PICA_Presentation_2020_11.pdf

86 -62 -18.9% -10.3% -7.5% Administration-Waste Man. -53 -33 -27 -16.8% -10.3% -8.3% Education (exc. local SDs) -42 -9 -36 -16.1% -4.3% -15.0% Healthcare -89 -39 -34 -10.9% -4.7%

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PBB_TaxCredits_Schedule_2022_Update.pdf

Health Environmental Protection PA Emergency Management Agency State 3 PennDOT Human Services – Part 2 State Police Military & Veterans Affairs 4 Education Human Services – Part 3 Aging PA Historical & Museum Commission Agriculture Labor and Industry 5 Drug and Alcohol Programs Insurance Revenue

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PBB_Board_Hearing_Jan_24_2022.pdf

PA Historical & Museum Commission (PHMC) ▪ PA Dept. of Aging (PDA) | Dept. of Human Services (DHS, Part 3) ▪ PA Dept. of Education (PDE) | Dept. of Agriculture (AGR) How Can Reports Be Used ▪ Link funding levels to outcome metrics – Did additional funding impact

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PBB_Board_Hearing_Apr_28_2021.pdf

Guard members are considered federal employees. DMVA GF Appropriations (FY 2020-21) April 28, 2021 8 Activities Veterans Homes GGO Education Assist. Program Fund Amputee & Paralyzed Veterans Pension Veterans Outreach Services Other Total Veterans Homes $95.3 -- -- -- -- -- $95.3 Administration 4

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PBB_2023_PID_REPORT.pdf

Statement The Pennsylvania Insurance Department’s (PID) mission is to: (1) promote a competitive and robust marketplace for consumers; (2) educate consumers to make informed decisions and ensure that they are treated fairly; (3) regulate insurance companies' financial solvency in order

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PBB_2020_DHS_REPORT_Final_Updated.pdf

for the PPB review schedule. 2 For example, 31 states use PBB for some portion of their higher education budget. See “Performance-Based Budgeting in the States,” NCSL Fiscal Policy Research, Vol. 24, No. 35 (September 2016). Background and Methodology | Page

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PBB-Board-Hearing-Jan-22-2020.pdf

in $ millions. DOS GF Appropriations (2019-20) January 22, 2020 13 Activities SURE GGO Publishing Constitutional Amendments Voter Reg. and Education County Election Expenses Lobbying Disclosure Total Election Sec. & Technology $7.31 $0.88 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0

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PBB-Board Hearing Jan 23 2020.pptx

located in a KIZ (28 zones) ▪ Credit = 50% increase in gross revenues from prior year ▪ KIZ firms partner with higher education and local businesses ▪ Credit is oversubscribed | 84% proration factor | 80-90% are sold Numerous positive indirect effects and benefits ▪ Clustering

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PA_Chamber_June_17_2021.pdf

7 -1 -5.3 -2.0 -0.3 Admin-Waste Management -68 -50 -47 -21.4 -15.0 -14.9 Education (excludes local SD) -37 -27 -21 -14.4 -10.6 -8.3 Healthcare-Social Assistance -109 -39 -60 -10.3

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PA_Assoc_of_Community_Bankers_Presentation_2020_12.pdf

86 -60 -18.9% -10.3% -7.2% Administration-Waste Man. -53 -33 -28 -16.8% -10.3% -8.6% Education (exc. local SDs) -42 -9 -40 -16.1% -4.3% -15.4% Healthcare -89 -39 -23 -10.9% -4.7%

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PACB_Presentation_2021_8.pdf

1 1 -2.6% -0.4% 0.2% Administration-Waste Manage -49 -35 -41 -15.3% -11.5% -15.3% Education -16 -27 1 -7.9% -11.8% 0.6% Healthcare-Social Assistance -53 -51 -70 -5.0% -4.8% -6

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NewsStand_2019_December.pdf

MSA least responsive to an economic down- turn is State College due to its high share of employment in the education sector. BEA Releases GDP by County For the first time, the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis released county-level

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Newsstand_2018_August.pdf

The study compares data from 200 cities across nine different metrics. Pittsburgh ranked the most undervalued city due to its educated population and affordable housing. Philadelphia followed in second place due to its walkability and social scene. - August 2018 - National News

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MTR-2017-08.pdf

that the budgetary implications of the crisis could intensify as state and local governments continue to devote more resources to education and treatment. The Pennsylvania Opioid Crisis General Fund Snapshot General Fund Tax Revenue Non-Tax Revenue Aug-17 $2,129

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MTR-2016-01.pdf

by 36,500 jobs (-7.5%). Roughly three- quarters of the contraction in the local government sector was related to education; the residual was related to municipal functions. These payroll data provide only a partial picture of employment trends for the

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MSC_March_31_2022.pdf

42.7% Gasoline +31.6% Energy +25.1% New Cars +22.2% Relatively Low (Feb 22) Medical Care -0.2% Education-Comm +1.3% Rent Primary Res +4.2% -5% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990

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MSC_March_31_2021.pdf

9% Professional and Technical -19 -1 -5.3% -0.2% Admin and Waste Management -68 -36 -21.4% -11.9% Education (excludes local SD) -37 -31 -14.4% -12.1% Healthcare-Social Assistance -109 -49 -10.3% -4.6% Arts-Entertainment

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Monthly_Economic_Update_March_2021.pdf

Labor Statistics released the January state employment report. On a seasonally adjusted basis, the largest job gains occurred in the education sector (excludes elementary and secondary school employment), which added 14,000 jobs (+6.9%) in January returning to November 2020

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MER-2015-02.pdf

both high and low wages. 2 Leisure and hospitality ($21,100), retail trade ($26,600), other services ($36,800) and educa‐ tional and health services ($46,600) are four ex‐ panding sectors with average annual wages below $50,000. These sectors

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Letter_to_JSGC.pdf

portion of the table was eliminated. That part of the table contained other output multipliers (e.g., economic development and education) so that policymakers could have some general understanding of the potential tradeoffs from different uses of the PRHDF transfer. Without

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Lancaster_Chamber_Presentation_ Oct_6_2021.pdf

1 -0.2% Professional and Technical 363 371 8 2.2% Admin and Waste Management 322 277 -45 -14.1% Education (excludes local SD) 200 204 4 2.1% Healthcare-Social Assistance 1,064 1,014 -50 -4.7% Arts-Entertainment

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Labor_Market_Update_June_23_2021.pdf

4 1.5 4.1 Administration-Waste Manage -40.2 -42.7 -49.0 -3.4 9.9 1.5 Education -22.2 -23.8 -9.4 7.5 1.5 -4.8 Healthcare-Social Assistance -54.1 -61.9 -65

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Labor_Market_Update_June_2021.pdf

0 2.4 2.6 Administration-Waste Manage -34.2 -40.2 -47.0 -1.4 -3.4 5.6 Education -31.3 -22.2 -22.9 23.5 7.5 2.4 Healthcare-Social Assistance -50.0 -54.1 -61

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Labor_Market_Update_Aug_2021.pdf

3 8.4 -6.6 Administration-Waste Manage -48.3 -42.0 -41.4 2.2 2.7 -1.3 Education -10.4 1.3 1.0 -5.8 -23.1 -3.6 Healthcare-Social Assistance -67.2 -64.4 -69

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jackson ppt.pdf

Utilities -12.8 6.8 -2.7 -9.0 Highways & Streets -1.5 -8.8 -4.9 -1.8 Public Education -7.9 -14.2 -7.4 -2.6 (Percent change, 2005 dollars) US Construction Growth by Sector 18 © 2012, IHS

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Initial_Revenue_Update_May_2023_Final.pdf

Nursing and Residential Care 203 176 -28 -13.5% Full-Service Restaurants 196 182 -14 -7.3 Local Govt (exclude education) 180 169 -11 -6.1 Religious and Non-Profits 136 128 -8 -6.1 Jobs Expansion Warehouse and Storage 89

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Initial_Revenue_Estimate_Presentation_May_2023_Final.pdf

Nursing and Residential Care 203 176 -28 -13.5% Full-Service Restaurants 196 182 -14 -7.3 Local Govt (exclude education) 180 169 -11 -6.1 Religious and Non-Profits 136 128 -8 -6.1 Jobs Expansion Warehouse and Storage 89

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IFO_Retirement_Task_Force_Jan2018_Presentation.pdf

Sales tax figures assume businesses pass tax to consumers. Sources: U.S. Census Bureau (American Community Survey), PA Department of Education, PA Department of Revenue, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (Consumer Expenditure Survey) and Internal Revenue Service. All computations by

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IFO_Response_Letter_May_16_2022.pdf

May 16, 2022 Page 2 School District Cash Balances According to annual financial reports filed with the Pennsylvania Department of Education, the total school district unassigned fund balance for fiscal year ending 2020 was $1.975 billion. For fiscal year ending

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IFO_Job_Opportunity_Revenue_Analyst.pdf

Monday through Friday, two/three days remote Salary Range: $55K-$65K based on the candidate’s qualifications, experience, skills and education as related to position requirements Benefits: • Comprehensive benefits package includes health, vision, dental and life insurance • Retirement plan • Leave benefits

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IFO_Job_Opportunity_Deputy_Director.pdf

Monday through Friday, two/three days remote Salary Range: $130K-$155K based on the candidate’s qualifications, experience, skills and education as related to position requirements Benefits: • Comprehensive benefits package includes health, vision, dental and life insurance • Retirement plan • Leave benefits

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IFO_Hearing_Packet_Feb2019.pdf

103.0 123.1 10.5 20.1 All Other 302.2 309.0 316.9 6.8 7.9 Education 219.6 227.2 238.4 7.6 11.2 Healthcare Hospitals-Physicians 458.7 472.7 494.9 14

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IFO_Analyst_Opening.pdf

is a plus. The IFO is located in Harrisburg, approximately one block from the Capitol Complex. Compensation is based on education, skills and experience. A comprehensive benefits package is included. Interested applicants should submit a brief cover letter and resume by

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IFO_ Job_Posting_Jan_2022.pdf

mathematics. Strong writing skills are also required, as well as proficiency with Microsoft Office products. Starting salary is commensurate with education and work experience and may range from $55,000 to $80,000 depending on those criteria. Positions include full health

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IFO-Presentation-11-14-2019.pdf

21 21-22 22-23 23-24 24-25 AAGR Human Services $1,113 $528 $571 $586 $602 4.6% Education 556 322 337 335 331 2.5% Criminal Justice 77 72 93 69 60 2.6% Treasury 61 47 38

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FTA_Student_Loan_Presentation_Oct_2023.pdf

7 Source: College Board, Trends in College Pricing and Student Aid. But some were still paying Monthly Remittances: Dept of Education to US Treasury October 3, 2023 8 Original Moratorium Mar 20: to Sep 20 4 th Extension First “Final Time

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Economic_Forecast_Business_Leadership_Summit_Feb_2024.pdf

New-Used Vehicles +37% Car Insurance +36% Car Repair +31% Grocery, All Energy +27% Shelter +21% Philly CPI-U +19% Education-Communication +2% Clothing +4% Medical Care +7% 0% 25% 50% US Checking-Savings Accounts +32% (but falling) Home Price Inflation

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Economic_and_Revenue_Update_Presentation_August_2020.pdf

3 -3 -3 -0.9 -0.8 -0.9 Professional Business -81 -78 -59 -9.9 -9.6 -7.2 Education -42 -39 -12 -16.1 -16.2 -5.9 Healthcare -89 -76 -51 -10.9 -9.3 -6.2 Social

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Demographics_Outlook_2020.pdf

performance- based budgeting projects, coordinating the forecast of department expenditures and working on special projects that pertain to education, demographics, minimum wage and other subjects as needed. Lesley Rompalo, Revenue Analyst II Ms. Rompalo joined the IFO in June 2016. Primary

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County-Prop-Tax-RB.pdf

of property taxes: school district, county and municipal. Based on property tax collection data reported by the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE) and Department of Community and Economic Development (DCED), the IFO estimates that 70 percent of total property tax is

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CompetePA_March_11_2021.pdf

2% Professional and Technical -21 -13 -5.8% -3.6% Admin and Waste Management -53 -26 -16.8% -8.0% Education (excludes local SD) -42 -50 -16.1% -19.9% Healthcare-Social Assistance -120 -39 -11.4% -3.6% Arts-Entertainment

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CNIT-Rate-Cut-2018-04.pdf

54.7 77.6 78.9 2.5% Administrative and Waste Management 45.4 46.9 48.9 1.7% Education Services 5.3 5.0 3.7 0.2% Healthcare and Social Assistance 43.3 39.9 43.7 1

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Budget_Hearing_Background_Feb2016.pdf

2% Medical Care 3.5% 5.5% 2.9% 7.3% Recreation ‐1.3% 0.1% 0.2% 5.6% Education‐Communication 0.6% 1.2% 1.1% 7.8% Other Goods and Services 6.9% 8.1% 1.1% 3

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2023_Mid_Year_Update.pdf

42 20 113.0 Professional and Technical 12 22 9 106.0 Admin-Waste Management -32 -18 14 94.5 Education (excludes local SD) -16 -12 4 95.2 Healthcare-Social Assistance -62 -21 42 98.1 Arts-Entertainment -11 0

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2013-09 Monthly Economic Summary-FINAL.pdf

the sectors that are gaining employment tend to be in sectors with average wages less than $50,000 such as educa- tional & health services (average wage of $44,400), leisure & hospitality ($20,600), transpor- tation, warehousing & utilities ($49,100), other services

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2000_cost_of_living_adjustments.pdf

I DRAFT LEGISLATION TO IMPLEMENT COMMISSION’S RECOMMENDATIONS D R A F T - 35 - AN ACT 1 Amending Titles 24 (Education) and 71 (State Government) of the Pennsylva- 2 nia Consolidated Statutes, further providing for partial advance 3 funding of future

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Releases

Economics and Other The IFO presented on the Commonwealth's economic and budget outlook at a session of the Pennsylvania Education Policy and Leadership Center. Full Report Sports, Marketing & Tourism Series: 2023 Ironman PA Happy Valley Triathlon April 04, 2024 | Economics

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Pensions

and Senate Appropriations Committees on an annual basis. ... read more SB 58 Summary • Survivor Benefits 0054 Hughes Amending Titles 24 (Education) and 71 (State Government) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes to allow for spousal consent for a retirement public employee choosing

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Pensions

recognized in determining the actuarial asset value; • The State Employees' Retirement Code to permit former employees of the Department of Education who were transferred to the Department of Corrections pursuant to Act 15 of 1999 to elect membership in the State

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About IFO

projects, coordinating forecasts of department expenditures and forecasting the Lottery Fund. Other responsibilities include working on special projects pertaining to education, demographics, minimum wage and other subjects as needed. Jesse Bushman Fiscal Analyst II Mr. Bushman joined the IFO in 2016

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