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School District Property Tax Update

The IFO released an updated school district property tax forecast. The report (1) projects revenues through FY 2026-27, (2) estimates revenues collected from senior homeowners, (3) ranks counties based on per capita revenues  and (4) provides detail on the projected Act 1 index.

Tags: property, school, tax

Summary and Analysis of Annual PSERS Stress Test Report

Pursuant to Act 128 of 2020, the IFO issued a report that summarizes results from the Public school Employees Retirement System’s (PSERS) recent stress test report. Based on PSERS’ baseline projections, the IFO projects that from FY 2024-25 to FY 2051-52, the Commonwealth will use $53.0 billion in General Fund revenues (2.7%) for the state’s share of public school employer pension contributions. Relative to baseline projections, the report also summarizes the impact from scenarios that allow investment performance to exceed and fall short of assumptions.

02/28/2024

Act 1 Index Reaches New High

The Act 1 index limits the annual increase in school district millage rates. For FY 24-25, PDE recently certified an all-time high value (5.3%). This report examines the factors that drive that outcome and provides projections through FY 28-29.

11/28/2023

school District Property Tax Update

The IFO released an updated school district property tax forecast. The report (1) projects revenues through FY 2027-28, (2) estimates revenues collected from senior homeowners, (3) ranks counties based on per capita revenues and (4) provides detail on the projected Act 1 index.

06/28/2023

Economic and Act 1 Index Update

Director Knittel gave an Economic and Act 1 Index update at the Pennsylvania Association of school Business Officials (PASBO) Annual Conference.

03/16/2023

Summary and Analysis of Annual PSERS Stress Test Report

Pursuant to Act 128 of 2020, the IFO issued a report that summarizes results from the Public school Employees Retirement System’s (PSERS) recent stress test report. Based on PSERS baseline projections, the IFO projects that from FY 2023-24 to FY 2050-51, the Commonwealth will use $46.5 billion in General Fund revenues (2.3%) for the state’s share of public school employer pension contributions. Relative to baseline projections, the report also summarizes the impact from scenarios that allow investment performance to exceed and fall short of baseline assumptions.

03/01/2023

school District Property Tax Update

The IFO released an updated school district property tax forecast. The report (1) projects revenues through FY 2026-27, (2) estimates revenues collected from senior homeowners, (3) ranks counties based on per capita revenues  and (4) provides detail on the projected Act 1 index.

08/15/2022

Property Tax Replacement Estimates

In response to a legislative request, the IFO transmitted a letter that provides updated estimates for potential revenue sources that could replace school district property taxes if eliminated.

04/15/2022

Senate Budget Hearing Request

The Independent Fiscal Office (IFO) responded to two questions raised at the office’s budget hearing before the Senate Appropriations Committee. The questions relate to an update of the IFO’s five-year projections for revenues and expenditures that incorporates the proposed initiatives in the Governor’s Executive Budget and an estimate of school district property taxes paid by seniors.

03/21/2022

IFO Background and Recent Releases

Director Matt Knittel made a presentation of recent IFO releases to the PA school Boards Association.

01/19/2022

Economic Outlook and Property Tax Update

Analyst Jesse Bushman made a presentation to PASBO regarding the IFO’s recent Five-Year Economic and Budget Outlook and school District Property Tax Forecast.

11/16/2021

school District Property Tax Forecast

This report contains the IFO's updated forecast of school district property tax collections from FY 2020-21 to FY 2025-26. This report updates the forecast that the IFO published in February 2021 and includes (1) actual FY 2019-20 current-year property tax collections, (2) the impact from FY 2021-22 millage rates and (3) new wage projections that increase the statewide average weekly wage (SAWW) portion of the Act 1 Index projection.

11/08/2021

Property Tax Burden by County

This research brief uses (1) income data from the Bureau of Economic Analysis and the Internal Revenue Service and (2) property tax data from the Pennsylvania Department of Education and Department of Community and Economic Development to estimate and rank county-level property tax burdens across the state for 2019. Note: This research brief was originally posted on 8/17/2021. It has been updated to include a map that displays school district property tax burdens by county. 

08/25/2021

school Property Tax, Senior Spending and Tax Revenues

In response to a legislative request, the IFO transmitted a letter that updates previous analyses on state and local budget issues, including (1) the IFO school district property tax forecast, (2) potential revenue sources that could replace school district property taxes if eliminated, (3) state spending dedicated to seniors, (4) the share of certain tax revenues remitted by seniors, (5) tax treatment of retirement income by state and (6) migration patterns by age groups.

04/23/2021

school District Property Tax Forecast

This report contains the IFO's forecast of school district property tax collections from FY 2019-20 to FY 2025-26. The report also contains projections of the Act 1 index and estimates of school district property taxes attributable to homestead property. (This report was originally posted on February 2, 2021. Based on new data for the 2020 Q4 ECI, which impacts the FY 2020-21 ECI computation, this report was updated and reposted.)

02/24/2021

COVID-19 Impact on Local Revenues

In response to a legislative request, the Independent Fiscal Office examined how the COVID-19 pandemic and mandated business closures could impact local earned income taxes (EIT), property taxes and gaming revenues received by municipalities, counties and school districts for the current year.

07/16/2020

Property Tax Update Presentation

Director Matthew Knittel made a brief presentation to the Pennsylvania school Boards Association on property tax data recently published by the IFO.

03/13/2020

school District Property Tax Forecast

This report contains the IFO's forecasted school district property tax collections from FY 2018-19 through FY 2024-25. The report also contains projections of the Act 1 index and estimates of school district property taxes that can be attributed to homesteads. Total school property tax collections for FY 2018-19 ($15.0 billion) and FY 2019-20 ($15.3 billion) are estimated using millage rates published by the Pennsylvania Department of Education and property tax assessment data. For FY 2020-21 through FY 2024-25, collections are projected based on the statutory, economic and structural factors that affect growth rates of property taxes. During that period, total school property tax collections are projected to grow at an average annual rate of 3.9 percent, reaching $18.6 billion by FY 2024-25.

02/06/2020

school District Property Tax Rebate

In response to a legislative request, the IFO transmitted a letter that analyzes a set of proposed school district property tax rebates for all homestead property owners.

11/12/2019

school District Property Tax Elimination

In response to a legislative request, the IFO transmitted a letter that estimates potential replacement revenues for school district property taxes described in House Bill 13.

10/03/2019

school DISTRICT PROPERTY TAX FORECAST

This report contains the IFO's forecasted school district property tax collections from FY 2017-18 through FY 2023-24. The report also contains projections of the Act 1 index and estimates of school district property taxes that can be attributed to homesteads. Total school property tax collections for FY 2017-18 ($14.5 billion) and FY 2018-19 ($14.9 billion) are estimated using millage rates published by the Pennsylvania Department of Education and property tax assessment data. For FY 2019-20 through FY 2023-24, collections are projected based on the statutory, economic and structural factors that affect growth rates of property taxes. During that period, total school property tax collections are projected to grow by an average annual rate of 3.2 percent, reaching $17.3 billion by FY 2023-24.  

03/18/2019

Homestead Exclusion and PIT

In response to a legislative request, the IFO transmitted a letter that computes the level of personal income tax (PIT) increase needed to fully fund a 100% homestead exclusion for school district property taxes.

03/13/2019

Economic & Budget Outlook Presentation

Deputy Director Brenda Warburton gave a presentation at a session of the Pennsylvania Education Policy Fellowship Program regarding the Commonwealth's economic and budget outlook. The presentation summarized the office's five year economic and budget outlook (November 2018) as well as more recent updates to the office's revenue estimates for FY 2018-19 and FY 2019-20 (January 2019). The presentation also addressed the office's most recent estimate for school property tax collections.

03/01/2019

PROPERTY TAX ELIMINATION PROJECTION

In response to a legislative request, the IFO has updated projections regarding school district property tax elimination. The document projects the school property tax revenues that would be subject to replacement under potential legislation that would eliminate school property taxes.

02/27/2019

Property Tax Update - August 2018

In response to a legislative request, the IFO updated select tables and graphs related to school district property tax that were originally released in January and December of 2017.

08/17/2018

Budget And Economic Update with Property Tax Discussion

Director Matthew Knittel gave a budget and economic update to the Pennsylvania Association of school Business Officials (PASBO). Revenue Analyst Jesse Bushman also discussed an updated school district property tax forecast and recent proposed legislation. 

06/05/2018

Fiscal Impact of school Property Tax Rebates

In response to a legislative request, the IFO estimated the fiscal impact of a school property tax rebate for all homesteads. The rebate would be equal to the statewide average school property tax paid by homesteads. The response includes both baseline estimates for currently eligible homesteads and estimates for a behavioral effect based on the filing of additional homestead applications in response to the availability of rebates.

03/13/2018

IFO Update on Selected Fiscal Topics and Pennsylvania Demographics

Deputy Director Mark Ryan made a presentation to the annual conference of the Pennsylvania Association of school Business Officials and provided updates on topics addressed in recent IFO analyses. The topics included 1) school property tax forecasts and analysis, 2) Pennsylvania demographic trends, 3) the most recent IFO revenue estimates for FY 2017-18 and FY 2018-19 and 4) the impact of pension changes resulting from Act 5 of 2017. 

03/09/2018

school District Property Tax Forecast

This research brief contains the IFO's forecasted school district property tax collections from FY 2016-17 through FY 2022-23. The brief also contains estimates of school district property tax collections that can be attributed to homestead property.  Total school property tax collections for FY 2016-17 ($14.0 billion) and FY 2017-18 ($14.4 billion) are estimated using millage rates published by the Pennsylvania Department of Education and property tax assessment data. For FY 2018-19 through FY 2022-23, collections are projected based on the statutory, economic and structural factors that affect growth rates of property taxes. During that period, total school property tax collections are projected to grow by an average annual rate of 3.3 percent, reaching $17.0 billion by FY 2022-23.

01/18/2018

school Property Taxes; Households Age 60, 65 and 70 or Older

In response to a legislative request, the IFO analyzed data from the American Community Survey (ACS) to estimate the share of school property taxes paid by households in which the householder (or spouse, if applicable) had attained the ages 60 or over, 65 or over and 70 or over. The analysis applies the shares derived from the ACS to estimated school district property tax collections attributable to homestead properties for FY 2015-16 to further estimate the dollar amounts paid by such households.

12/11/2017

school Property Tax and Related Data

In response to a legislative request, the IFO collected and analyzed certain data related to school property taxes and potential replacement revenues. Data for Philadelphia in Table 3 has been adjusted based on information provided by the Philadelphia Department of Revenue. 

11/13/2017

Actuarial Impact of Act 5 - school District Pension Contributions

Deputy Director Mark Ryan made a presentation to the Pennsylvania school Boards Association (PSBA) regarding the impact of recently enacted pension legislation (Act 5 of 2017) on school district pension contributions.

06/28/2017

Actuarial Note for Senate Bill 1; A01354 and A01558

The actuarial note analyzes a proposal to amend the Public school Employees' Retirement Code and the State Employees' Retirement Code to (1) require most new employees to select one of three new plan design options and (2) make certain actuarial funding changes. The plan design options include two hybrid plans consisting of defined benefit and defined contribution components. The third option is a stand-alone defined contribution plan.  On June 5, 2017 the IFO updated the actuarial note by clarifiying certain language in the summary of Senate Bill 1. A list of the changes is available here. 

06/03/2017

An Overview of school District Property Tax Reform

Throughout May, Director Matt Knittel and Deputy Director Mark Ryan will make five presentations on the potential implications of school district property tax reform. The events are sponsored by the Pennsylvania Economy League and will take place at the various locations listed below. Click the following links for additional details: READING                   Thursday May 4th 7:30-9:00am WILLIAMSPORT       Friday May 5th 12:00-1:30pm YORK                         Thursday May 11th 12:00-1:30pm WILKES-BARRE       Friday May 12th 12:00-1:30pm LEHIGH VALLEY      Friday May 19th 12:00-1:30pm

05/04/2017

Property Tax Elimination Projection

The IFO has released new projections regarding school property tax elimination. The document projects the school property tax revenues that would be eliminated, and thus subject to replacement, under legislation that may be introduced in the near future (the relevant parameters are summarized in the document). The projection builds upon a school property tax forecast the IFO released in January of this year.

04/11/2017

Long-Term Fiscal Outlook

Deputy Director Mark Ryan made a presentation at a session of the Pennsylvania Education Policy Fellowship Program regarding the Commonwealth's long-term fiscal outlook. The presentation summarized the office's five-year economic and budget outlook (November 2016) as well as more recent updates to the office's revenue estimates for FY 2016-17 and FY 2017-18 (January 2017). The presentation also addressed the office's most recent estimate for school property tax collections.

02/10/2017

school District Property Tax Elimination

Director Matt Knittel and Deputy Director Mark Ryan made a presentation to the Pennsylvania school Boards Association (PSBA) regarding the current proposal and forecasts for school district property taxes in Pennsylvania. *Updated February 13, 2017

01/19/2017

Updated school District Property Tax Forecast

Letter updating the IFO's forecast of school district property tax collections for FY 2015-16 through FY 2021-22. The letter also includes projections of school district debt service payments and earned income tax collections for FY 2015-16 through FY 2021-22. Total school property tax collections for FY 2015-16 ($13.6 billion) and FY 2016-17 ($13.9 billion) are estimated using millage rates published by the Pennsylvania Department of Education. For FY 2017-18 through FY 2021-22, collections are projected based on a forecast of the Act 1 index and exceptions. During that period, total school property tax collections are projected to grow by an average annual rate of 3.5 percent, reaching $16.5 billion by FY 2021-22. Prior reports / references: (1) 2013 IFO analysis of HB / SB 76 and (2) 2014 update of the school property tax forecast.

01/09/2017

The Effect of Act 1 of 2015

Letter discussing the effect of Act 1, which uses an index to limit the ability of school districts to increase real property millage rates (April 2015).

04/17/2015

Property Tax Rebate Estimate

Letter providing estimates for a potential proposal to give homestead owners school property tax rebates equal to the statewide average school property tax paid (March 2015).

03/11/2015

Updated school District Property Tax Forecast

Letter updating the IFO's forecast of school property tax collections for FY 2013-14 through FY 2019-20 (December 2014). 

12/12/2014

Fiscal Implications of a York County school District Consolidation

The report provides potential consolidation savings and costs for 15 York County school districts and computes the real estate tax millage using various earned income tax rates and administrative savings scenarios. Full Report Presentation

12/12/2014

Analysis of school property taxes paid by homeowners age 70 and older

Letter providing an analysis of school property taxes paid by homeowners age 70 and older (October 2013). The analysis presents a preliminary assessment of data on the cost of a school property tax freeze for those homeowners and a brief discussion of factors that affect the cost of a freeze over the long-term.

10/29/2013

Analysis of Proposal to Replace school Property Taxes: House Bill 76 and Senate Bill 76

This report presents the results from an analysis of House Bill 76 and Senate Bill 76 performed by the Independent Fiscal Office (IFO). The proposed legislation eliminates local school district property taxes and replaces those funds with sales and use and personal income taxes, as well as monies redirected from the Property Tax Relief Fund. Presentation to the Senate Finance Committee on 10/15/2013. Data for the graphs in section 4 of the report that display the annual and cumulative changes in personal income, sales and school property tax collections. Introduction, which contains summary results from the report.

10/01/2013

Projections of school property taxes paid by Pennsylvania homesteads

Letter containing projections of the school property taxes paid by Pennsylvania homesteads (September 2013). 

09/16/2013

Analysis of Michigan Property Tax Reform

This report presents the results from an analysis of the Michigan property tax reform known as Proposal A. Enacted in 1994, Proposal A replaced all local property taxes used for school operating purposes with higher sales and use, realty transfer and tobacco taxes. It also created a distinction between homestead and nonhomestead property to facilitate the statewide levy of uniform property taxes on those classes of property. The report makes extensive use of data published by various Michigan executive and legislative agencies to illustrate the impact of property tax reform on tax revenues, millage rates, per pupil funding levels and the property tax base over the past two decades.

09/16/2013

ACN_SB1071_A10803_text.pdf

71 (State Government) of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes, extensively revising pension provisions as follows: In Title 24: for retirement for school employees, in the areas of preliminary provisions, of membership, contributions and benefits, of school employees' defined contribution plan and of administration and miscellaneous provisions; and for health insurance for retired school employees, in the

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PBB_2022_PDE_REPORT_Amended.pdf

136 $1,387 $648 $329 $14,963 Basic Education Funding 7,067 -- -- -- -- -- 7,067 Special Education -- 1,237 -- -- -- -- 1,237 School Employees' Retirement 2,543 -- 137 -- -- 55 2,734 Pupil Transportation -- -- 597 -- -- -- 597 Early Intervention -- -- -- -- 337 -- 337 All Other 437 180 appears on the next page. 16-17 17-18 18-19 19-20 20-21 21-22 K-12 Education School district enrollment 1,579 1,571 1,569 1,567 1,516 -- Brick & mortar charter enrollment 101 103 106 108

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BEFC_Survey_Results_FINAL.pdf

summary tabulations for the Basic Education Funding Commission (BEFC) survey sent by the Pennsylvania Department of Education to 100 school districts and 25 charter schools in October 2023. The data reflect all responses submitted by survey recipients. The school districts and charter schools surveyed represent the

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TC_2022_Educational_Tax_Credits.pdf

Recommendations .................................................................................. 1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 3 Educational Tax Credit Overview .............................................................................................. 5 Goals and Purpose .......................................................................................................................... 7 Administration ................................................................................................................................. 7 Historical Data ................................................................................................................................ 8 Historical Private School Trends ..................................................................................................... 17 State Comparisons .................................................................................................................. 19 Reports Published by Other States.................................................................................................. 20 Economic Analysis ................................................................................................................... 25 Tax Credit Plan ........................................................................................................................ 29 General Findings Page 1 General Findings and Recommendations The Educational Tax Credits are currently authorized under Article XX-B of the Public School Code and incentivize business contributions to approved K-12 scholarship organizations, pre-kindergarten (pre-K) scholarship organizations or educational improvement

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2013_special_report_funding_and_reforming_public_employee_retirement_systems.pdf

Infusion Projections – Public SchoolEmployees’ Retirement System.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10•Table 4–Cash Infusion Projections – State Employees’Retirement System.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10•Table 5–Public School Employees’ Retirement System, Projected Employer Contribution Rates BasedUpon Optional Amortization Methods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 TABLE OF CONTENTS iv Tables (Cont’d) •Table Table 9–Per-Member Administrative Cost for Selected MunicipalPension Plans Based on Pension Plan Size. . . . . . . . . . . 31 Graphs•Graph 1–Public School Employees’ Retirement System, EmployerContribution Rate Projections by InvestmentReturn Scenario.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7•Graph 2–State Employees’ Retirement System, EmployerContribution Rate Projections by

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BEFC_Response_Letter_12_19_23.pdf

SPP score 80.0% - 89.9%: Apollo-Ridge SD; SPP score 70.0% - 79.9%: Panther Valley SD; and Charter School: Commonwealth Charter Academy  Page 13 - SPP score 80.0% - 89.9%: Line Mountain SD  Page 19 - SPP score IFO staff are not aware of specific documentation from the 2015 BEFC Survey regarding the <70% cutoff for low-performing schools. The SPP score can range up to 100%, and the groups used in the surveys have cutoffs at 90%, 80%

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PBB_2019_PCCD_Report.pdf

21 Activity 4: Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention ........................................................ 23 Activity 5: Sheriff and Constable Training ............................................................................ 27 Activity 6: School Safety and Security ................................................................................. 31 Activity 7: Administration ................................................................................................... 33 Appendix .......................................................................................................................... 35 Performance-Based Budgeting and Tax Credit Review Schedule .........................................35 - This page intentionally Delinquency Criminal Justice System Improvements $47.2 (16.3%) Victim Services and Child Advocacy $152.7 (52.6%) School Safety and Security $60.4 (20.8%) Administration $11.4 (3.9%) Other $18.8 (6.4%) Agency Overview and Recommendations | Page

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SD-Property-Tax-Forecast-2020.pdf

Independent Fiscal Office February 2020 1 February 2020 School District Property Tax Forecast The Independent Fiscal Office (IFO) has issued periodic school district property tax forecasts in response to legislative requests and public interest. This report provides an updated forecast to facilitate

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RB-2020-COVID-19 Local Revenue Impact.pdf

mandated business closures could impact local earned income taxes (EIT), property taxes and gaming revenues received by municipalities, counties and school districts for the current year. The analysis excludes other important local revenue sources (e.g., realty transfer taxes, occupational taxes projections are aggregated at the county level because there is insufficient local detail to facilitate projections at the municipal or school district level and much of the data used for this analysis are only published at the county level. The analysis

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ACN_SB1_A01354_A01558_2017_06_03a.pdf

document. In addition, this transmittal includes attached cost notes and supplemental letters prepared by Conduent, actu- ary for the Public School Employees’ Retirement System (PSERS) and Korn Ferry Hay Group, actu- ary for the State Employees’ Retirement System (SERS). The proposal Number 853 June 3, 2017 Independent Fiscal Office A01354 and A01558 to SB 1 2 Independent Fiscal Office The Public School Employees’ Retirement System (PSERS) and the State Employees’ Retirement System (SERS) (Systems) administer governmental, cost-sharing, multiple-employer defined benefit

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2021-SD-Property-Tax-Forecast.pdf

The Independent Fiscal Office (IFO) has issued periodic school district property tax forecasts in response to legislative requests and public interest. This report provides an updated forecast to facilitate discussion of proposals that contemplate changes to school property taxes. The most recent school property tax data published by the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE, or department) is

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RB-2018-01.pdf

Independent Fiscal Of Ðice January 2018 1 Research Brief 2018‐1 January 2018 School District Property Tax Forecast The Independent Fiscal Office (IFO) has issued periodic school property tax forecasts in response to legislative and public interest. This analysis provides an updated forecast to facilitate discussion of

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2007_divestment_complete_report.pdf

to the General Assembly of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Concerning Restrictive Investment Mandates and their Potential Impact upon the Public School Employees’ Retirement System and the State Employees’ Retirement System S P E C I A L R E P O to the General Assembly of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Concerning Restrictive Investment Mandates and their Potential Impact upon the Public School Employees’ Retirement System and the State Employees’ Retirement System Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Public Employee Retirement Commission Harrisburg, Pennsylvania October 2007

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SD-Property-Tax-Forecast-2019.pdf

Independent Fiscal Office March 2019 1 March 2019 School District Property Tax Forecast The Independent Fiscal Office (IFO) has issued periodic school property tax forecasts in response to legislative requests and public interest. This report provides an updated forecast to facilitate discussion

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Five_Year_Outlook_2019.pdf

is projected to remain nearly flat in both time periods (0.1 percent per annum growth).  The school age cohort (age 0 to 19) is projected to contract by 75,000 (-0.5 percent per annum) and then contract an 8 Dependency Ratios Decline Working-age residents remit the majority of state tax revenues that support dependents attending school and elderly that require dedicated healthcare services. 2 Demographers use two metrics known as depend- ency ratios to illustrate the relationships between

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SD_Property_Tax_Forecast_Nov_2021.pdf

This report provides an updated forecast of statewide school district property taxes based on the latest published revenue data and economic projections by the Independent Fiscal Office (IFO). The most recent school district property tax data published by the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE, or the department) is for fiscal year (FY

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2002_dbdc_report.pdf

of a defined contribution plan option, within the context of Pennsylvania’s defined benefit pension plans for State and public school employees, and to report its findings to the General Assembly no later than December 31, 2002. The report presents, as of this report. Particular recognition is due to the legal staffs of the State Employees' Retirement System and the Public School Employees’ Retirement System that cooperated by preparing the Commission’s responses on the issues of liability and fiduciary responsibility presented

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DotPlotData.xlsx

Sources & Methodology SOURCES for Dot Plots (see row 4 in other worksheets) A. PDE Website, School Locale "Urban/Rural" Classification of Schools and Local Education Agencies (LEAs), Urban-Centric and Metro-Centric Locale Codes. https://www.education.pa.gov/DataAndReporting/SchoolLocale/Pages

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Five_Year_Outlook_2020.pdf

slightly in the near term (-0.1 percent per annum) and long term (-0.2 percent per annum).  The school-age cohort (age 0 to 19) declined 0.6 percent per annum from 2015 to 2020 and is projected to Demographic Outlook | Page 7 Dependency Ratios Working-age residents remit the majority of state tax revenues that support dependents attending school and elderly residents who require dedicated healthcare services. Demographers use two metrics known as dependency ratios to illustrate the relationships

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Pensions

IFO - Pensions IFO IFO • Latest Releases • Revenue Estimates • Revenue & Economic Update • Performance Budgeting • Energy • Pension Analysis • Property Tax • Wage Contracts • Tax Credit Review • Economics and Other • Data • Right-to-Know • About • About IFO • Job Opportunities • Contact IFO • Email Subscription • Links • Follow on Twitter • • Pensions Legislation Enacted - School and State School and State Pension Legislation Enacted Since 2001 Legislative Session 2017 - 2018 Act 2017 - 5 ( Senate Bill Number 1, Printer's

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Five_Year_Outlook_2022.pdf

92,000 from 2020 to 2030: 29,000 in the near term and 63,000 in the long term. ▪ The school age cohort (age 0 to 19) declined 129,000 from 2010 to 2020 and is projected to decline by 254 Outlook | Page 7 Dependency Ratios Working-age residents remit the majority of state tax revenues that support dependents who attend school and elderly residents who require dedicated healthcare services. Demographers use two metrics known as dependency ratios to illustrate the relationships

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SD_Prop_Tax_Update_Aug_2022.pdf

This update provides an overview of statewide school district (SD) property tax collections as published by the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE) and an outlook for future collections 2020-21 in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. For FY 2019-20 to FY 2020-21, roughly 45% of school districts held millage rates flat, nearly double the rate of the prior year (25%). • Collections increased by $3.10 billion

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Five_Year_Outlook_2021.pdf

and is projected to grow slightly in the near term (0.1% per annum) and remain flat long term. ▪ The school age cohort (age 0 to 19) declined 0.5% per annum from 2010 to 2020 and is pro- jected to on Pennsylvania Deaths. 2 Dependency Ratios Working-age residents remit the majority of state tax revenues that support dependents attending school and elderly residents who require dedicated healthcare services. Demographers use two metrics known as dependency ratios to illustrate the relationships

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SD_Prop_Tax_Update_Jun_2023.pdf

This update provides an overview of statewide school district (SD) property tax collections as published by the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE) and an outlook for future collections response to the COVID-19 pandemic. That trend largely reverted for FY 2021-22. • Current-year collections for the Philadelphia school district decreased by $28.3 million (-3.4%) in FY 2021-22, the largest year-over-year decrease on record

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PA_Economy_League_Presentation.pdf

Economic and Budget Outlook An Overview of School District Property Tax Reform INDEPENDENT FISCAL OFFICE sponsored by the PA Economy League MAY 19, 2017 Office Began Operations September Assembly. Office Makes NO Policy Recommendations. 19.May.2017 Independent Fiscal Office 2 Broad overview of the potential implications of school property tax reform. Three parts: 1. Types of school property tax proposals that have been considered by the General Assembly

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Five_Year_Outlook_2023.pdf

is projected to remain flat in the near term and then decrease slightly during the long term (-0.2%). ▪ The school age cohort (age 0 to 19) declined 2.1% from 2015 to 2020 and is projected to decline 3.2% pre- COVID rates. Dependency Ratios Working-age residents remit the majority of state tax revenues that support dependents who attend school and advanced age residents who require dedicated healthcare services. Demographers use two metrics known as dependency ratios to illustrate the

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2006_surviving_spouse_healthcare_study.pdf

PA Municipal Retirement System PA Port Authority PA Public TV Network Commission PA State Police * Probation and Parole Board Public School Building Authority Public School Employees' Retirement System Public Utility Commission Public Welfare Revenue Securities Commission State State Employees' Retirement System State Ethics Commission State

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Response-Letter-09-12-2019-Part-2.pdf

Under the proposal, the increase in rebates provided would be funded by current Act 1 allocations that are distributed to school districts. The table that follows provides the estimated reduction in Act 1 allocations for each school district necessary to fund the $1,500 version of the proposal. The estimated impact was calculated by pro-rating the

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Act_1_Index_Update_Nov_2023.pdf

Act 1 of 2006 limits the annual increase in school district millage rates to a computed statewide index with certain exceptions. 1 The base Act 1 Index is calculated by the percentage increase in the Pennsylvania Statewide Average Weekly Wage (SAWW) and the Employment Cost Index (ECI) for elementary/secondary schools. 2 Some school districts are subject to the base index as the limit for millage rate increases while others have

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Select Committee Oct 1 2012 FINAL.pdf

of 2012.  Analysis Objectives.  Analysis Results:  Surplus or shortfall to (1) the Education Stabilization Fund and (2) school districts.  Detail by revenue source.  Background on Property Tax forecast.  Some general economic analysis. 1.Oct.2012 Analysis of HB 1776 and SB 1400 of 2012 – Slide 2 The Proposal  Eliminates local school property tax.  Property taxes to service debt existing as of Dec. 31, 2011 retained and phased-out.  State

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Response-Letter-11-08-2019.pdf

17120 Dear Senator Hughes: This letter responds to your request that the Independent Fiscal Office (IFO) provide estimates related to school district property tax rebates for eligible homesteads. Specifically, your letter requested the following estimates:  The number of properties that may qualify as homestead properties. 1  The statewide average school district property tax paid by homestead property owners.  The statewide median school district property tax paid by homestead property

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PBB_2021_DHS_REPORT_ADDENDUM.pdf

and/or gum disease can pre- vent severe pain and infection that negatively impact quality of life, children’s growth, school attend- ance and performance. MA – Physical Health Services | Page 13 Share of Children Receiving Lead Screening Increase All Well Child na- tional average. The share that have health insurance (Medicaid or other health insurance) and the share with a high school degree or GED are roughly equal to the national averages. The share of former fos- ter care youth employed (part-

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IFO - Economic and Budget Outlook - January 2012.pdf

Service (See Table 4). Those categories comprise roughly ninety percent of total General Fund expenditures. Pension Contributions include the Public School Employee Retirement System (PSERS) and the State Employee Retirement System (SERS). Those projections are based on data published in the 1 billion, a 0.7 percent increase over the prior fiscal year. For the purposes of this report, payments to school districts for the state share of employer contributions to the Public School Employee Retirement System (PSERS) are excluded from PDE

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PSBA Presentation - Final.pdf

Overview of School District Property Tax Elimination Presentation to the Pennsylvania School Boards Association Independent Fiscal Office Matthew Knittel, Director Mark Ryan, Deputy Director January 19, 2017 1/19/2017 1 Background

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Presentation_PASBO_Annual_Conference_3-8-2018.pdf

Exhibits The IFO Perspective on State Financial and Demographic Data Presentation at the Annual Conference of the Pennsylvania Association of School Business Officials Mark J. Ryan, Deputy Director Independent Fiscal Office March 8, 2018 Today’s Presentation Updates on topics covered in recent IFO analyses:  School property tax  Demographics  Revenue estimates  Pensions / Act 5 2 March 8, 2018 School Property Tax Update New

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Single-Use Plastics Report-2020_06.pdf

General Fund revenues by roughly $2 to $3 million. The ban would also impose costs on government entities, schools, charities and other non-profits that currently use these products because the analysis finds that the average cost of alternatives is 86 due to film plastics is estimated at up to $12 million per year. 89 This 85 “NYC Residential, School, and NYCHA Waste Characterization Study,” New York City Department of Sanitation (2018). 86 Tipping fee changes were calculated using the following weights

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index.cfm

February 28, 2024 Pursuant to Act 128 of 2020, the IFO issued a report that summarizes results from the Public School Employees Retirement System’s (PSERS) recent stress test report. Based on PSERS’ baseline projections, the IFO projects that from FY the Commonwealth will use $53.0 billion in General Fund revenues (2.7%) for the state’s share of public school employer pension contributions. Relative to baseline projections, the report also summarizes the impact from scenarios that allow investment performance to

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Revenue-Proposal-Analysis-2019-03.pdf

to Commonwealth Financing Authority The administration’s proposal increases the SUT transfer to the Commonwealth Financing Authority for school construction (PlanCon) debt service payments. This provision is expected to reduce FY 2019-20 non- motor SUT revenues by $20 million. 18- payments. This provision is expected to reduce FY 2019-20 PIT withholding revenues by $13 million. Transfer to School Safety and Security Fund The administration’s proposal creates a PIT transfer to the School Safety and Security Fund for grants. This

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Response-Letter-05-13-2019.pdf

263 259 255 251 248 244 240 Act 1 Property Tax Subsidies 7 533 533 530 530 530 530 530 School District Property Tax 8 14,546 14,877 15,285 15,700 16,195 16,730 17,315 Homesteads Only in millions of dollars. Estimates are long-term and assume an effective date prior to FY 2017-18. 9 Homestead school district property tax only. The IFO assumes homesteads generate 54 percent of school district property taxes. 11 Assumes school district

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Property-Tax-Update-August-2018.pdf

be found on the IFO website. 1 Table 1 provides the most recent breakdown of the revenue sources used by school districts. The data show that property taxes comprised 42.4 percent of school district funds for FY 2016-17. Table 2 groups school districts into four quartiles based on the share of funding

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PBB_2022_DHS_REPORT_ADDENDUM.pdf

shown. 1 Region 2 includes Cameron, Clarion, Clearfield, Elk, Forest, Jefferson, McKean, Potter and Warren counties. Bucks County has Highest School-Age MCCA (2021) Chester County has Highest Infant MCCA Payment (2021) $59 $40 $39 $30 $30 $25 Center Group Family child per day. MCCA rates are set by re- gion. Region 2 has the lowest MCCA rates for infants and school-age children in the state and includes Cameron, Clarion, Clearfield, Elk, Forest, Jefferson, McKean, Potter and Warren counties. Select MCCA

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Response_Letter_9_23_2019.pdf

budgeted revenues attributable to seniors by major category of taxation.  The impact on the net migration of seniors if school district property taxes were eliminated and (1) retirement income was taxed at a rate of 4.92 percent or (2 nutrition assistance). These programs generally benefit seniors along with the overall population. Also excluded are state funds for the Public School Employees’ Retirement System (PSERS) and state employee pension and retiree healthcare benefits. The analysis estimates that total senior program spending

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Response_Letter_2021_April.pdf

those analyses to provide updated estimates. The updated tables are as follows. Table 1 provides the latest IFO baseline for school district property taxes. This baseline was released by the office in February 2021. Table 2 provides detail on the estimated nutrition assistance). These programs generally benefit seniors along with the overall population. Also excluded are state funds for the Public School Employees’ Retirement System (PSERS) and state employee pension and retiree healthcare benefits. The analysis estimates that total senior program spending

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Presentation_2017_02_10_EPLC.pdf

2,980 Revenue Adjustment (Jan.) -250 -334 n.a. Updated Balance (Jan.) -774 -2,080 Note: figures in dollar millions. School Property Tax Projections 21 10.Feb.2017 Estimates through FY 2021-22 issued January 9, 2017 FY14-15 School District Revenues 10.Feb.2017 22 Source Amount Percent Property Tax $12,285 44.5% Earned Income $1,476 5

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PBB_2021_DMVA_REPORT_ADDENDUM.pdf

operations. ▪ In FY 2019-20, DMVA began the formal process of creating a Keystone State ChalleNGe Academy, a residential high school for at-risk youth. The school is scheduled to open July 2022, will employ 50 to 60 state employees and enroll 150 to 250 at-risk

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County_Property_Tax_Burden_Aug_2021.pdf

Department of Community and Economic Development (DCED). For all counties, the property tax burden reflects the Homestead Exemption, which reduced school district property taxes by $534 million in FY 2019-20. The table on page 2 lists each county’s total result occurs because the county recorded the highest level of personal income while also having a relatively low reliance on school district property taxes compared to other counties.  In general, rural counties had the highest property tax burdens (six of

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2000_cost_of_living_adjustments.pdf

the historic approach used by the Commonwealth to provide and fund cost-of-living increases for retired state and public school employees, presents the findings of the Commission regarding the practices in other states, and makes recommendations on funding future cost- Pennsylvania Practice The Commonwealth has provided COLAs to retired members of the State Employees’ Retirement System (SERS) and the Public School Employees’ Retirement System (PSERS) every four or five years beginning in 1968. Method of Implementation Ad Hoc - All of the

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PBB_Board_Amend_03_09_22.pdf

the following recommendations: 1. Include citations for PDE data from specific public files or reports 2. Correct the calculations for school district expenditures per student by subtracting charter school tuition payments and charter school average daily membership, and include a note explaining the costs unique to school districts and

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EPLC-2-19-21.pdf

Number (000s) Change Dec 2019 Dec 2020 Number Percent Education Colleges, Universities and Professional 170 130 -40 -23.4% Local School Districts 282 265 -17 -6.1% State Education (state system, related) 60 52 -8 -13.9% Private Schools (elementary, secondary) 48 48 0 -0.8% Significant Contraction Full-Service Restaurant 194 124 -70 -35.9% Limited-Service Restaurant

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RB_2022_07_Worker_Shortage.pdf

job losses include non-profits and advocacy entities (-13,500), all manufacturing (-13,300), employment services (-11,700) and local school districts (-8,900). 11 The bottom of the table displays two subsectors with significant job gains: warehousing and storage (+33 depart the labor force. If inflation remains elevated, those workers may return eventually. Remote Learning: Cyber Charter Enrollment and Home Schooling In response to the pandemic, some parents opted to keep children at home and enroll in cyber charters or receive

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PSERS_Stress_Test_Impact_Analysis_2024.pdf

of the General Assembly: Act 128 of 2020 amended Title 24 of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes to require the Public School Employees’ Retirement System (PSERS) to conduct an annual stress test of the system and submit the results to the Governor used in this report are from various sources. The simulations and related data are from the report entitled Pennsylvania Public School Employees’ Retirement System: PSERS Stress Test- ing Analysis produced and certified by PSERS and its contracted actuary. Revenue projections are

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PSERS_Stress_Test_Impact_Analysis_2023.pdf

of the General Assembly: Act 128 of 2020 amended Title 24 of the Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes to require the Public School Employees’ Retirement System (PSERS) to conduct an annual stress test of the system and submit the results to the Governor report are from various sources. The simulations and related data are from the report entitled Stress Testing Analysis: Pennsylvania Public School Employees’ Retirement System produced and certified by PSERS and its contracted actuary. Revenue projections are from the IFO using data

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Presentation-2018-06-PASBO.pdf

Economic and Budget Outlook BUDGET & ECONOMIC UPDATE Pennsylvania Association of School Business Officials Commonwealth of Pennsylvania May 1, 2018 Independent fiscal office JUNE 5, 2018 FY 17-18 Revenues Close to published by PDE 15 June.05.2018 Homestead Rebate Summary Baseline: Currently Eligible Potential Woodwork Effect Estimates Adjusted for Woodwork School Property Tax and Homestead Estimates (FY 2017-18) School Property Tax (SPT) Paid - ($ millions) – excludes Act 1 $13,312 $0

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PBB_2021_PSP_REPORT_ADDENDUM.pdf

highway miles and 82 percent of land area. ▪ Conducting approximately 300 risk and threat assessments in FY 2019-20 for schools, houses of worship and large gatherings to protect the Commonwealth against foreign and domestic terrorism. ▪ Providing forensic laboratory services to average of 80,000 commercial motor vehicles (CMVs) annually. This division is also responsible for coordinating vehicle weight enforcement and school bus safety programs. Other divisions supporting this activity include Collision Analysis and Reconstruction Specialists, Drug Recognition Experts and Vehicle Fraud

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Official-Revenue-Estimate-2020-06.pdf

and federal emergency declaration. A brief summary of the timeline is as follows: 2  March 16: Pennsylvania schools close for 10 days and bars and restaurants close for certain large southeastern counties  March 23: all non-life sustaining businesses home orders for certain counties  April 1: stay-at-home orders for all counties  April 9: schools close for remainder of year  May 1: construction projects, golf courses and certain other outdoor activities may resume if proper social

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Senate Appropriations Response Letter 3-6-2020.pdf

residing in New York for the previous 12 consecutive months. They must have graduated from a New York State high school, earned an undergraduate degree from a New York college or university in 2014 or later, be enrolled in a federal 11.5% TOTAL 125.1 109.8 111.3 100.0% Change Payroll Jobs (000s) Note: Local Government includes local school district employees. Figures are annual averages. Data for 2019 are preliminary and will be adjusted in March 2020. Excludes independent

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RB_2023_08_Property_Tax_Burden_by_County.pdf

the 2021 property tax burden by county. For all counties, the property tax burden reflects the Homestead Exemption, which reduced school district property taxes by $535 million in FY 2021-22. The table on page 2 lists each county’s total much higher property tax burden in Monroe County is likely due to multiple factors including a relatively higher reliance on school district property taxes (as opposed to earned income taxes) and a relatively high proportion of vacation/secondary homes. • Snyder County

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RB_2022_08_Worker_Shortage.pdf

depart the labor force. If inflation remains elevated, those workers may return eventually. Remote Learning: Cyber Charter Enrollment and Home Schooling In response to the pandemic, some parents opted to keep children at home and enroll in cyber charters or receive instruction from a parent or tutor. Table 5 displays enrollment data for school year (SY) 2017-18 to SY 2021-22. Relative to SY 2019-20 (data represent October 2019 enrollments and are

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PSBA-Property-Tax-Update-March-2020.pdf

March 13, 2020 Property Tax Update Pennsylvania School Boards Association March 13, 2020 School District Revenues: FY 2017-18 March 13, 2020 2 Source Amount Percent Property Tax $13,511 44.6% Earned Income

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PASBO_March_17_2021.pdf

Projecting the Components of the Act 1 Index Pennsylvania Association of School Business Officials March 17, 2021 Statewide School Property Tax Growth Rates 2 -2.0% -1.0% 0.0% 1.0% 2.0% 3.0% 4.0% 5

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IFO_Hearing_Packet_Feb2018.pdf

Published Reports and Analyses (since January 1, 2017)  Impact Fee Update (January 2017, July 2017, January 2018)  Updated School District Property Tax Forecast (January 2017)  Analysis of Recent Collective Bargaining Agreements (January 2017)  Quarterly Revenue Review (January 2017)  Child Care and Early Education Funding in Pennsylvania (September 2017)  PDA Wage Contract Analysis (September 2017)  School Property Tax and Related Data (November 2017)  Five‐Year Economic and Budget Outlook (November 2017)  County Homestead Detail

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EPLC_3_4_2022_update.pdf

Total Taxes excludes severance taxes. Source: State and Local Tax Revenues: A 50 State Comparison (January 2022). Growth Rate of School Property Taxes March 4, 2022 25 0.0% 1.0% 2.0% 3.0% 4.0% 5.0% 13-14 16-17 17-18 18-19 19-20 20-21 21-22 22-23 23-24 24-25 25-26 School Property Tax Act 1 Base Index Note: Includes Current and Interim, Act 1 Allocations and delinquent taxes. Source: School District

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Econ_Budget_Outlook_Hearing_Response_Letter_02_2023.pdf

QCEW employee headcounts by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) category within Education Services (NAICS = 61, excludes elementary and secondary schools (NAICS 6111)). 2019 2020 2021 Change College, universities and professional schools 151.5 146.0 143.0 -8.5 Private sector 116.0 110.4 109.0 -6.9 State government

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Economic_and_Revenue_Update_2021.pdf

to Date Revenues ................................................................................. 11 General Fund Revenue Projections ......................................................................... 12 General Fund Financial Statement Comparison ........................................................ 13 General Fund Education Expenditures .................................................................... 14 School District Property Tax ................................................................................... 15 Impact Fee and Natural Gas Trends ....................................................................... 16 State and Local Tax Burden: Average Tax Rate and Independent Fiscal Office 4 March 2021 Subsector Detail: PA Employment Change From Prior Year 2019 2020 Number Percent Education Local School Districts 281.7 264.5 -17.2 -6.1% Private Schools (elementary, secondary) 48.4 48.0 -0.4 -0

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SR2017-05.pdf

986 Luzerne 208,169 104,313 50 85,297 1,223 Table 3 FY 2015-16 Estimates for Average Homestead School District Property Tax by County Revised 1/18/2018 County Property Tax Collections 1 Homestead Amount 2 Homestead Percentage 2 Number of Homesteads 3 Average Per Homestead Table 3 FY 2015-16 Estimates for Average Homestead School District Property Tax by County Lycoming $72,290 $37,104 51% 28,659 $1,295 McKean 17,798 6,713

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Revenue-Estimate-2020-05.pdf

and federal emergency declaration. A brief summary of the timeline is as follows: 2  March 16: Pennsylvania schools close for 10 days and bars and restaurants close for certain large southeastern counties  March 23: all non-life sustaining businesses home orders for certain counties  April 1: stay-at-home orders for all counties  April 9: schools close for remainder of year  May 1: construction projects, golf courses and certain other outdoor activities may resume if proper social

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Prop_Tax_Burden_by_County_2022.pdf

Department of Community and Economic Development (DCED). For all counties, the property tax burden reflects the Homestead Exemption, which reduced school district property taxes by $535 million in FY 2020-21. The table on page 2 lists each county’s total result occurs because the county reported the highest level of personal income while also having a relatively low reliance on school property taxes compared to other counties. • In general, rural counties had higher tax burdens because those counties have relatively larger

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EPLC Feb 2020 FINAL.pdf

Total Taxes excludes severance taxes. Source: State and Local Taxes: A Comparison Across States, IFO (January 2020). Growth Rate of School Property Tax to Increase February 28, 2020 16 0.0% 1.0% 2.0% 3.0% 4.0% 5.0% 15-16 16-17 17-18 18-19 19-20 20-21 21-22 22-23 23-24 24-25 School Property Tax Act 1 Base Index Note: Includes Current and Interim, Act 1 Allocations and delinquent taxes. Source: School District

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SR2014-03-presentation.pdf

Independent Fiscal Office Fiscal Implications of a York County School District Consolidation  Independent nonpartisan agency. • Began operations in September 2011. • Analyze fiscal, economic and budgetary issues.  Primary Duties the analysis excludes: Building-level administrative costs. The impact of changes in federal funds. Costs related to the York County School of Technology. Costs related to the Lincoln Intermediate Unit. 16.Dec.2014 5 Scope and Assumptions York County districts compare

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RB_2023_01_SNAP.pdf

to provide benefits to children (including children age 0 to 5) who would normally receive free or reduced meals at schools, but due to closures, mitigation efforts or illness, were not able to receive those meals for at least a part of a month. For the most recent school year, schools report to the Department of Human Services if they were closed for at least 5 consecutive days during

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PBB_Board_Hearing_Mar_09_2022.pdf

and Higher Education Student Supp. Servs. Child Dev. and Early Learning Other Total Basic Education Funding $7,067 -- -- -- -- -- $7,067 School Employees' Ret. 2,543 -- -- $137 -- $55 2,734 Special Education -- $1,237 -- -- -- -- 1,237 Pupil Transportation -- -- -- 597 -- -- 597 PASSHE -- -- $477 1,417 1,387 1,136 648 329 14,963 Note: Amounts in $ millions. PDE Metric Highlights SY 20-21 school enrollment recorded large decline ▪ SY 16-17 to SY 19-20 total school enrollment contracted 5,000 per annum ▪ SY

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PBB_2022_AGRICULTURE_REPORT.pdf

health laboratory system that connects the Pennsylvania Veterinary Laboratory, Penn State’s Animal Diagnostic Laboratory and the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine’s New Bol- ton Center. PADLS provides laboratory testing, field-based monitoring and producer outreach to protect manages food and related funding allocations by working with all 67 counties, more than 800 public and non-profit private schools and residential child care institutions, and more than 2,500 local food banks, pantries, and other non-profit partners who

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PBB_2020_DOH_REPORT_Final_Update.pdf

59 counties, (2) grant funds to address the health care needs in communities served by local health departments, school districts and medically underserved populations, (3) a high quality, efficient and compliant medical marijuana program to residents with serious medical conditions per to Care | Page 8 Performance Measures 14-15 15-16 16-17 17-18 18-19 19-20 School District Health Services $20.0 $43.3 $31.9 $40.1 $32.6 $35.6 Local Health Departments $25.2 $25.4

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PASBO_Presentation_March_16_2023.pdf

are we? ▪ Latest data: jobs, inflation, labor market ▪ Focus: labor market and demographics ▪ Focus: inflation and wages II Statewide Public School Employment, Payroll and Wages ▪ COVID jobs contraction ▪ Real Average Weekly Wage contracts III Act I Index Outlook ▪ Statewide Average Weekly Service Restaurants -18 Local Gov’t: municipals -10 Colleges and Universities -9 Non-Profits -9 Accommodation -8 Local Gov’t: school districts -7 All Other -4 Total Change -42 Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. 2019 Q4 vs 2022 Q4

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IFO_PASBO_Presentation_Nov_2021.pdf

Economic Outlook And Property Tax Update Pennsylvania Association of School Business Officials November 16, 2021 Two Parts Overview of IFO Five-Year Economic and Budget Outlook ▪ Will workers return? ▪ Does ends $300/wkends Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. CTC starts Labor Force Contraction Federal programs Childcare Eldercare Home schooling COVID concerns Savings cushion Lifestyle change Early retirements Labor Force = Employed + Unemployed Who Stopped Working? Not Just the Elderly November

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Act_25_Letter_Feb_2022.pdf

Grove: This letter responds to your request that the Independent Fiscal Office (IFO) provide updated estimates for the reduction in school property taxes due to the implementation of Act 25 of 2011. The request also included an estimate of the impact FY 2020-21. Act 25 of 2011, which took effect in FY 2012-13, reduced the number of exceptions a school district could invoke to increase millage rates above their Act 1 index. 1 After implementation of Act 25, exceptions were

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2001_hr266.pdf

plans versus defined contribution 4 plans. 5 WHEREAS, The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania maintains two 6 Statewide pension plans, the Public School Employees' Retirement 7 System (PSERS) and the State Employees' Retirement System 8 (SERS); and 9 WHEREAS, Nearly all full-time and part-time public school 10 employees are required to join PSERS and most full-time and 11 part-time State employees are required to

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Response-Letter-08-16-2019.pdf

property tax rebate of up to $5,000 to eligible homeowners based on age and income, not to exceed actual school district property taxes paid. The table below displays estimates for (1) the number of homeowners in Pennsylvania that would receive 120 $1,700 65 or older - income less than $70,000 697,300 $1,200 $1,720 Impact of Proposed School District Property Tax Rebate (2017) Source: 2017 American Community Survey 1- Year Public Use Microdata Survey (PUMS), U.S. Census

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Monthly_Economic_Update_January_2021.pdf

recent article from the Wall Street Journal finds that the pandemic is exacerbating an ongoing teacher shortage, as nationwide public school employment fell to its lowest level since 2000. In Pennsylvania, education jobs at all levels and across both the public the prior year. For November 2020, recent data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reveal that local public school districts employed 268,800 staff, a decline of 5.5% (-15,700 jobs, not seasonally adjusted) from November 2019. These

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IFO_Response_Letter_April_12_2022.pdf

methodologies used to provide previous estimates. The updated tables are as follows. Table 1 provides the latest IFO baseline for school district property taxes. This baseline was released by the office in November 2021. The IFO estimates that 58% of statewide property taxes paid by homeowners throughout the state. Therefore, the IFO estimates that senior homeowners paid $2.73 billion in school property taxes in fiscal year 2019-20. Table 2 provides updated estimates for potential revenue sources that could replace school

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Economic_and_Revenue_Update_2020.pdf

2019) Tax Incentive Expansion (December 2019) Special Education Survey (November 2019, unpublished) Property Tax Homestead Exclusion and PIT (March 2019) School District Property Tax Forecast (March 2019) Property Tax Replacement Estimates (May 2019) Property Tax Rebate for Older Homeowners (August 2019 Tax Rent Rebate Program (September 2019) Property Tax Elimination for Senior Homeowners (September 2019) Property Tax Replacement Estimates (October 2019) School District Property Tax Rebate (November 2019) Regular Monthly Reports Revenue and Economic Update IFO News Stand All reports are available

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SR2013-07-section-4-data.xlsx

Figure 4.1 Index Values for Figure 4.1 Fiscal Personal Sales School Regional Nominal Year Income and Use Property CPI GSP 1993-94 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1 index prior to any transfers. FY 2010-11 adjusted to remove the impact of a change in payment methods. 3 School Property Tax index includes delinquent taxes. FY 2012-13 is an estimate. 4 Regional CPI is the PA-DE-NJ-

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Senate_Appropriations_Committee_Response_Letter_2022.pdf

at an average rate of 2.4% per annum. March 16, 2022 Page 2 Senator Fontana requested an estimate of school district property taxes paid by seniors. In FY 2019-20, statewide school district property taxes totaled $15.32 billion. Based on data published by the U.S. Census Bureau’s American Community

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Revenue-Proposal-Analysis-2020-04.pdf

to Commonwealth Financing Authority The administration’s proposal increases the SUT transfer to the Commonwealth Financing Authority for school construction (PlanCon) debt service payments. This provision is expected to reduce FY 2020-21 non- motor SUT revenues by $5 million. See a primary job. 38 Wages for certain occupations are suppressed in the OES dataset. For primary and secondary school employees, wage data from the Pennsylvania Department of Education was used to calculate the wage distribution. For all other occupations with suppressed

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Response-Letter-09-19-2019.pdf

parameters:  The number of households impacted by the proposal.  The annual loss of tax revenue associated with (1) school district property taxes and (2) county and municipal property taxes.  The definition of household income corresponds with that of and Housing Statistics Division, memo to ACS Research Evaluation and Advisory Group (March 2016). September 19, 2019 Page 2  School district property taxes paid: $858 million. 3  County and municipal property taxes paid: $368 million. Revenues reported by PDE

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Public Employee Retirement Laws of PA Local Governments (2009).pdf

is complex and detailed, and gener- ally is of interest only to the affected officials and employees. Likewise, the Public School Employees' Retirement System (PSERS), covering the employees of the various school districts, area vocational-technical schools, and intermediate units is not addressed by this publication. Although the various school employers are

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PSBA_January_19_2022.pdf

IFO Background and Recent Releases Pennsylvania School Boards Association Innovation and Policy Institute Matthew Knittel, IFO Director January 19, 2022 IFO Background and Major Releases IFO starts YOY Growth in December Philadelphia CPI-U All Items Durable Goods cars, furniture ~10% of CPI +6.6% +19.0% School District Property Tax Forecast January 19, 2022 5 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23 2023-24 2024-25

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PBB_Board_Hearing_Jan_26_2022.pdf

and Higher Education Student Supp. Servs. Child Dev. and Early Learning Other Total Basic Education Funding $7,067 -- -- -- -- -- $7,067 School Employees' Ret. 2,543 -- -- $137 -- $55 2,734 Special Education -- $1,237 -- -- -- -- 1,237 Pupil Transportation -- -- -- 597 -- -- 597 PASSHE -- -- $477 1,417 1,387 1,136 648 329 14,963 Note: Amounts in $ millions. PDE Metric Highlights SY 20-21 school enrollment recorded large decline ▪ SY 16-17 to SY 19-20 total school enrollment contracted 5K per annum ▪ SY 20-

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PBB_2023_EO_REPORT.pdf

from CY 2020 to CY 2022), which provided funding to qualified families for meals their children would have received at schools during the pandemic. Fraud Recov. Fraud Rate 1 Fraud Investigations Conviction Rate 2 Fraud Recov. Fraud Rate 1 Fraud Investigations community-based arts projects to help with underutilized or vacant spaces, tourism, beautification, community engagement and arts education programs at schools and other venues. In FY 2020-21, the PCA changed its funding strategy to focus more grant funding and support

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PBB_2020_DOS_REPORT.pdf

registrants that failed to file and are referred to Attorney General 1 150 0 172 26 133 30 # Schools registered for GCEA program 2 -- -- -- 32 63 75 # Calls handled from LEP clients 3 684 1,324 1,576 870 1,501 until FY 16-17. 2 GCEA stands for Governor's Civic Engagement Award. The GCEA program encourages high school student participation in elections. 3 LEP stands for Limited English Proficient. Total number of calls answered via Spanish language line or via

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MQRE-FY19-20-Aug.pdf

This provision is projected to reduce FY 2019-20 PIT withholding revenues by $3.9 million. Transfer to School Safety and Security Fund (Act 20) The act requires a transfer of $45 million from PIT to the School Safety and Security Fund no later than September 1, 2020. This provision is effective July 1, 2019. Prior Law The amount transferred

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Labor_Market_Update_October_2021.pdf

YOY job loss widened in September due to weak seasonal hiring in the education (i.e., colleges and universities, private schools) and government (i.e., local school districts) sectors. For the three years prior to COVID, roughly 60,000 net payroll jobs were added in September on

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IFO_Hearing_Packet_Feb2019.pdf

Tax Rate Reduction (April 2018) Tax Cut and Jobs Act Update (August 2018) IFO News Stand (select months) • Property Tax School District Property Tax Forecast (January 2018) Fiscal Impact of School Property Tax Rebates (March 2018) Property Tax Update (August 2018) All reports are available on the IFO at www.ifo

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House_Maj_Policy_Comm_Aug_30_2021.pdf

Property Tax Update House Majority Policy Committee Matthew Knittel, Director Independent Fiscal Office August 30, 2021 School District Property Tax Forecast August 30, 2021 1 Actual Estimate Forecast 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23 2023- for FY 2019-20. Estimated by IFO throughout. Source: Actuals reported by PDE. All forecasts by IFO (Feb 2021). Potential School Property Tax Replacement Revenues August 30, 2021 2 22-23 23-24 24-25 25-26 Raise SUT by 1

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Economic_and_Revenue_Update_2020_10.pdf

is due to the fact that the table uses non-seasonally adjusted data and the start of the school year coincided with job losses for those sectors. Figure 1.2 depicts year-over-year job loss trends since February. The figure noted that lower-wage jobs have been disproportionately impacted by the pandemic. 4 The government sector includes local school districts and state supported higher education institutions. The education sector includes other colleges and universities, junior colleges, technical and trade schools, as

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Demographics_Outlook_2023.pdf

is projected to remain flat in the near term and then decrease slightly during the long term (-0.2%). ▪ The school age cohort (age 0 to 19) declined 2.1% from 2015 to 2020 and is projected to decline 3.2% 5 Figure 2.1 displays the Pennsylvania population distribution for 2020 and 2030 (projected) by age group. By 2030, the School Age 0-19 and Working Age 20-54 cohorts are projected to contract, while the Retiree 65-79 and Advanced

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Budget_Hearing_Background_Feb2016.pdf

report assumes that temporary measures will also be used this fiscal year. They include changing the timing of reimbursements for school employees’ Social Security and county child welfare payments ($260 million savings) and changes to the state reimbursement for school construction and renovation projects (PlanCon, $306 million). Although these measures significantly close the projected funding gap, the report found a

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TC_2020_Mobile Telecommunications Broadband Investment Tax Credit.pdf

assessments paid by telecommunications providers were dedicated to the Delaware Broadband Fund. Grants to support broadband expansion in schools, libraries and unserved areas of the state were disbursed from the fund through July 1, 2018. (The New York and Delaware programs grants, loans and other forms of assistance. The programs include support for private firms, state and local governments, schools, libraries, hospitals, etc. 8 Of these programs, the Connect America Fund (CAF) is the primary support for fixed-line and mobile voice

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Special-Funds-Response-Letter-03-08-2019.pdf

Justice Manufacturing Fund 104,616 Drug and Alcohol Substance Abuse Education 8,300 Education Property Tax Relief 766,200 State School Fund 0 Environmental Protection Coal Lands Improvement 175 Conservation District 8,701 Environmental Education 1,520 Environmental Stewardship 1 204 1,013,857 1,012,592 Difference -1,300 -5,165 -12,540 -16,471 3,123 -5,666 State School Fund Receipts 1 2 3 6 5 0 Disbursements 5 0 0 0 677 0 Difference -4 2 3 6

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Revenue_Proposal_Analysis_2023_05.pdf

annual credit to eligible teachers hired to teach in a high-need subject area at qualified rural or low-performing schools. The credit is available annually for up to five years if employment at the qualified school is maintained. 4 ▪ The New Mexico 2022 Nurse’s Credit was a one-time $1,000 tax credit available to

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Revenue_Proposal_Analysis_2022_04.pdf

debt service payments. This provision is expected to reduce FY 2022-23 PIT withholding revenues by $12 million. Transfer to School Safety and Security Fund The administration’s proposal creates a PIT transfer to the School Safety and Security Fund. This transfer will reduce FY 2022-23 PIT withholding revenues by $45 million. Gaming Taxes Transfer

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Revenue_Proposal_Analysis_2021_04.pdf

who report a material amount of non-wage income will benefit from the proposal. ▪ Some dependents who are in high school and college and work part-time jobs will pay the higher statutory rate under the proposal. Others will receive a a three-year moving average. 36 Wages for certain occupations are suppressed in the OES dataset. For primary and secondary school employees, wage data from the Pennsylvania Department of Education was used to calculate the wage distribution. For all other occupations

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Revenue-Estimate-2020-05-Presentation.pdf

COVID-19 declared March 6 First PA COVID-19 infection identified March 13 President declares national emergency March 16 PA schools closed for two weeks March 18 First PA death from COVID-19 declared March 23 PA non-life-sustaining businesses closed April 1 Stay-at-home orders all counties April 9 PA schools closed remainder of year May 8-29 57 counties enter yellow status (partial reopen) June 5 All counties in yellow

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RB_2021_01_Economic_Impact_of_Federal_Stimulus.pdf

Consumer spending patterns have also changed dramatically, and are unlikely to revert fully to prior patterns. Many college and high school students will also rejoin the labor force during the summer 11 Uses non-seasonally adjusted data. March 2020 was impacted Page 10 (some permanently), which relieves upward pressure on wages for lower-wage workers and fills seasonal demands. Finally, most schools will fully reopen in the fall, allowing some parents to return to work. Due to these factors, and assuming that

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Presentation-2019-3-1-EPLC.pdf

modified state personal income. Total Taxes excludes severance taxes. Source: State and Local Taxes: A Comparison Across States, IFO (December2018). School District Revenues: FY 2016-17 March 1, 2019 18 Source Amount Percent Property Tax $13,052 42.4% Earned Income related) $1,759 5.7% Total $30,751 100.0% Note: Millions of dollars. Source: Pennsylvania Department of Education. IFO School Property Tax Forecast $7,346 $7,567 $7,746 $7,968 $8,192 $8,459 $8,748 $9,064 $6

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PBB_2022_DLI_REPORT.pdf

and average hourly wage) are only available for Commonwealth Technical Institute (CTI) graduates. The CTI is a post-secondary accredited school within the HGAC, which graduated an average of 160 students per year over the time period. 16-17 17-18 2 Pre-employment student services 14.1 25.6 27.8 22.3 12.1 12.5 Degree Obtainment High school diploma 2,907 3,106 3,296 2,165 432 2,500 College degrees 601 824 743 748 324 500

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PBB_2020_DCED_REPORT.pdf

19. 2 Data available 2013 to 2017. Property tax data reflects municipal and county property tax collections, no school district collections included. Note: County order based on the sum of awards received. See Appendix for regional map. Awards FY 14-15 Activity. The Center (1) provides technical and financial assistance to local government units (LGUs) which include counties, municipalities, school districts and authorities across the Common- wealth, (2) acts as the one-stop shop for all LGUs in matters involving finance, management

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Official-Revenue-Estimate-2020-06-Presentation.pdf

COVID-19 declared March 6 First PA COVID-19 infection identified March 13 President declares national emergency March 16 PA schools closed for two weeks March 18 First PA death from COVID-19 declared March 23 PA non-life-sustaining businesses closed April 1 Stay-at-home orders all counties April 9 PA schools closed remainder of year May 8-29 57 counties enter yellow status (partial reopen) June 5 All counties in yellow

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MQRE-FY18-19-July.pdf

provisions (e.g., some with no or minimal revenue impact) have been omitted. Personal Income Tax Transfer to School Safety and Security Fund (Act 42) The act requires a transfer of $15 million from Personal Income Tax (PIT) to the School Safety and Security Fund no later than September 1, 2018. Prior Law None. Fiscal Analysis This provision is projected to reduce FY

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IFO_Response_Letter_May_16_2022.pdf

estimates are not reduced for administrative costs, which would likely be significant under this proposal. May 16, 2022 Page 2 School District Cash Balances According to annual financial reports filed with the Pennsylvania Department of Education, the total school district unassigned fund balance for fiscal year ending 2020 was $1.975 billion. For fiscal year ending 2021, the unassigned

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IFO_Hearing_Materials_02_2024.pdf

Programs include programs that were not included in the prior budget year (e.g., Student and Family Affordability ($279 million), School Environmental Repairs Program ($300 million) and the School Safety and Security Fund - Mental Health ($100 million)). MA is medical assistance, GO is general obligation. Basic Education Special Education

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Budget_Hearing_Background-Feb2014.pdf

Turnpike Toll Revenue Projections: CY 2013 to CY 2024 • Uncapping the Film Production Tax Credit: A Fiscal and Economic Analysis • School Property Taxes Paid by Homesteads • An Analysis of Michigan Property Tax Reform • Analysis of Proposal to Replace School Property Taxes: House Bill 76 and Senate Bill 76 • Analysis of School Property Taxes Paid by Homeowners Age 70 and

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Pensions

in ... read more SB 32 Summary • Miscellaneous 0092 Muth Would require the State Employees; Retirement System (SERS) and the Public School Employees' Retirement System (PSERS) to appear in front the House and Senate Appropriations Committees on an annual basis. ... read more Operations • Investments 0000 Mastriano Directs the Pennsylvania Office of the State Treasure, the State Employees’ Retirement System (SERS), the Public School Employees’ Retirement System (PSERS) and the Pennsylvania Municipal Retirement System (PMRS) to identify all direct, indirect and alternative investments and

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TC_2023_PA_Resource_Manufacturing.pdf

S. Department of Energy (June 2020). 20 “Updated Economic Impact Analysis: Petrochemical Facility in Beaver County, Pennsylvania,” Robert Morris University - School of Business (April 2021). Avg. Daily Ethane Consumption Annual Credits Awarded Direct Jobs Total FTE Jobs Credits per FTE Job U.S. Department of Energy (June 2020). “Updated Economic Impact Analysis: Petrochemical Facility in Beaver County, Pennsylvania,” Robert Morris University – School of Business (April 2021). “U.S. Ethane Production to Grow, Along With Expanding Domestic Consumption and Exports,” U.S. Energy

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TC_2021_Neighborhood_Assistance_Program.pdf

distressed area is an area that exhibits a high incidence of one or more demographic factors such as consistent unemployment, school dropout and public assistance dependency. Areas deemed distressed for NAP Tax Credit pur- poses include: Enterprise Zones, Keystone Opportunity Zones state spending is reduced by 20 percent to reflect the fact that the portion used to pay state or public school employee compensation includes pension contributions and employer and employee payroll taxes, which do not have immediate implications for the state

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TC_2019_Historic_Preservation_Tax_Credit_Report.pdf

International (April 2017). 22 “Preserving the Past, Building the Future: HRTC at Work in Virginia,” L. Douglas Wilder School of Government and Public Affairs, Center for Urban and Regional Analysis, Virginia Commonwealth University (January 2018). 23 “Alabama Historic Rehabilitation Tax Credit 48 percent (residential, typically multifamily). 35 Higher tax assessments translate into more property tax revenues for municipalities and school districts. Other studies confirm this outcome. Examples include the following:  For Ohio, property values increased by 258 percent and property taxes

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Summary_Tax_Credit_Reviews_Oct_2023.pdf

Report Cycle 2022 Purpose Enhance the educational opportunities available to all Pennsylvania students. Findings ▪ Article XX-B of the Public School Code expressly limits the data that may be collected related to the program to those that are specifically enumerated in all other states that have an income limitation. ▪ Modest state savings are realized from students switching from public to private school ($350/student on average) due to strong hold harmless provisions. ▪ Compared to other states, Pennsylvania has the highest allowance (20%

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SR2017-06.pdf

on the county in which properties are located and may not align precisely with previously published county-based information on school property taxes. Such analyses typically place multi-county school districts in a single county consistent with their classifications by the Pennsylvania Department of Education. Thank you very much for

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Revenue_Estimate_2021_05_Presentation.pdf

May 26, 2021 1 Key Assumptions No new COVID restrictions moving forward ▪ No new variants that require widespread mitigation efforts ▪ Schools fully reopen | childcare available Federal programs expire as scheduled ▪ Enhanced UC ends first week of September ▪ Potential infrastructure package and recession level | difference of +400,000 ▪ ~500,000 receive PUA payments ▪ ~900,000 potential workers | excludes most college and high school students Translates into ~$1.9 billion per month (April 2021) ▪ Expires September 4 | dramatic impact: $500 per week to no

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Revenue_Estimate_2021_05.pdf

section, the forecast projects that the average employment level in CY 2022 will be substantially lower than CY 2019. ▪ All schools and colleges fully reopen in the fall. Childcare is available for workers who need those services. ▪ Due to telework policies 300 per week. 1 Regarding the inability to work due to lack of childcare, a recent study found that "while school closures and ongoing childcare challenges have substantially burdened parents and children alike, they do not appear to be a meaningful

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RB_2021_09_Pension_Outlook.pdf

impacts to the systems. • Act 5 of 2017: For both state systems, the State Employees’ Retirement System (SERS) and Public School Employees’ Retirement System (PSERS), the act established three new retirement classes (six total) for new employees hired on or after Projects Its Highest Net Investment Return in Two Decades (August 4, 2021) at https://www.media.pa.gov/Pages/Public-School-Employees-Retirement-System_details.aspx?newsid=166. Public Pension Status and Outlook Independent Fiscal Office | Research Brief | September 2021 Independent Fiscal

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RB 2019 RACP.pdf

included in this category. 2. Educational Facility Projects that occur at educational facilities such as a college or university, public school, charter school or library. 3. Health and Public Safety Projects at hospitals, shelters and other medical facilities. Also includes projects that upgrade

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Presentation_2016-06-08_GPNP_Budget_Outlook.pdf

2014‐15).  Additional short‐term measures were adopted for use in FY 2015‐16. • Deferred county child welfare and school social security payments ($260 million) and refinanced reimbursements for school construction ($300 million). • Shifted funding for PHEAA grants off‐budget ($39 million). • Transferred available balances from special funds ($47 million

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PBB_Board_Hearing_Jan_24_2022.pdf

to inform budget decisions ▪ How does PA compare to other states and U.S.? ▪ How do outcomes for regions, counties, school districts within PA differ from the statewide measure? January 24, 2022 1 Common Issues Across Reports PBB reports reflect the of federal stimulus funds will significantly impact state program outcomes over multiple years ▪ PDE – ARP ESSER funding for K-12 schools ($5 billion) ▪ DHS – emergency rental assistance ($1 billion) ▪ State agencies required to report use of funds and associated outcomes January

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PBB_2023_DDAP_REPORT.pdf

drug consequences (+13.9). Individuals funded through the SOR II-year 2 grant had the highest change in employment or school (+13.3 percentage points) and SOR II-year 1 the highest change in permanent place to live (+17.9). Valid 2.4 SOR Grant II Year 2 1,230 96.9 98.3 1.4 Were currently employed or attending school SOR Grant I 4,583 29.9 39.8 9.9 SOR Grant II Year 1 1,427 41.3

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PBB_2022_PHMC_REPORT.pdf

includes children under age 13 and groups. Groups are the number of tickets sold at a group rate, generally for school groups. Revenue Received by Category 16-17 17-18 18-19 19-20 20-21 Adult Children Senior Members Unknown to assist with furnishing and special exhibits. In a typical year, The State Museum hosts nearly 40,000 students with school groups, holds over 1,200 private events and has more than 90,000 onsite visitors. Similar to historic sites and

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PBB_2020_DHS_REPORT_Final_Updated.pdf

471 Transportation 782 Therapist 11,750 Nutritionist 703 Dentist 9,231 Case Manager 635 Optometrist 4,625 Public Schools 569 Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist 4,522 Audiologist 516 Pharmacy 3,328 Nurse 516 Psychologist 2,517 Home Health 362 Podiatrist 1 equipment. 1 Other includes laboratory, residential treatment facility, home and community habilitation, community residential rehabilitation, x- ray clinics, school corporations, tobacco cessation and certain other providers. Health Information Exchange | Page 29 Activity 8: Health Information Exchange The Office of Medical Assistance

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Official_Revenue_Estimate_Methodology_2023_06.pdf

vision, a volunteer fire or ambulance company, volunteer rescue squad, a second class county port authority or a nonpublic nonprofit school. The tax is also not imposed on fuel used in aircraft or aircraft engines. 10 Methodology The FY 2022-23 vision, a volunteer fire or ambulance company, volunteer rescue squad, a second class county port authority or a nonpublic nonprofit school. The tax is also not imposed on fuel used in aircraft or aircraft engines. 11 Methodology The FY 2022-23

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Official_Revenue_Estimate_Methodology_2022.pdf

vision, a volunteer fire or ambulance company, volunteer rescue squad, a second class county port authority or a nonpublic nonprofit school. The tax is also not imposed on fuel used in aircraft or aircraft engines. 9 9 Aviation gasoline and jet vision, a volunteer fire or ambulance company, volunteer rescue squad, a second class county port authority or a nonpublic nonprofit school. The tax is also not imposed on fuel used in aircraft or aircraft engines. 10 Methodology The FY 2021-22

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Official_Revenue_Estimate_Methodology_2021.pdf

vision, a volunteer fire or ambulance company, volunteer rescue squad, a second class county port authority or a nonpublic nonprofit school. The tax is also not imposed on fuel used in aircraft or aircraft engines. 9 9 Aviation gasoline and jet vision, a volunteer fire or ambulance company, volunteer rescue squad, a second class county port authority or a nonpublic nonprofit school. The tax is also not imposed on fuel used in aircraft or aircraft engines. 10 Methodology The FY 2020-21

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Official-Revenue-Estimate-Methodology-2020-6.pdf

volunteer fire or ambulance company, volunteer rescue squad, a second class county port authority or a nonpublic nonprofit school. The tax is also not imposed on fuel used in aircraft or aircraft engines. 11 11 Aviation gasoline and jet fuel are volunteer fire or ambulance company, volunteer rescue squad, a second class county port authority or a nonpublic nonprofit school. The tax is also not imposed on fuel used in aircraft or aircraft engines. 12 Methodology The FY 2019-20 Act 89

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Official-Revenue-Estimate-Methodology-2019-06.pdf

volunteer fire or ambulance company, volunteer rescue squad, a second class county port authority or a nonpublic nonprofit school. The tax is also not imposed on fuel used in aircraft or aircraft engines. 11 Methodology The FY 2018-19 OFT estimate volunteer fire or ambulance company, volunteer rescue squad, a second class county port authority or a nonpublic nonprofit school. The tax is also not imposed on fuel used in aircraft or aircraft engines. 12 Methodology The FY 2018-19 Act 89

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Monthly_Economic_Update_September_2022.pdf

assessment. Labor market metrics will be more informative in the coming months since the summer travel season ended and the school year started. Most data included in the table below are based on surveys that occurred prior to the start of the school year and could be impacted by unusual seasonal adjustment factors. For example, non-seasonally adjusted payroll jobs for August contracted

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Monthly_Economic_Update_August_2022.pdf

levels, then that is an indicator of slower, stable growth. One summer month remains prior to the start of the school year. Any impending slowdown would likely be more noticeable in September as pent-up demand for leisure and summer travel ends and students and educators begin the regular school year. Monthly Economic Update August 2022 Pre-COVID Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Change Payroll Jobs (000s) 5

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June_Revenue_Estimate_2021.pdf

section, the forecast projects that the average employment level in CY 2022 will be substantially lower than CY 2019. ▪ All schools and colleges fully reopen in the fall. Childcare is available for workers who need those services. ▪ Due to telework policies 300 per week. 1 Regarding the inability to work due to lack of childcare, a recent study found that "while school closures and ongoing childcare challenges have substantially burdened parents and children alike, they do not appear to be a meaningful

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IFO_Testimony_Min_Wage_Feb_16_2021.pdf

Independent Fiscal Office 4 February 2021 Subsector Detail: PA Employment Change From Prior Year 2019 2020 Number Percent Education Local School Districts 281.7 264.5 -17.2 -6.1% Private Schools (elementary, secondary) 48.4 48.0 -0.4 -0.8 Colleges, Universities and Professional 169.8 130.0 -39.8

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IFO_Retirement_Task_Force_Jan2018_Presentation.pdf

Office Recent Demographics: 2010 to 2017 PA Residents (000s) Change (000s) Age Group 2010 2017 Number Percent 0 to 19 School 3,173 3,010 -163 -5.1% 20 to 64 Working 7,577 7,510 -67 -0.9% 65 to Office Future Demographics: 2017 to 2025 PA Residents (000s) Change (000s) Age Group 2017 2025 Number Percent 0 to 19 School 3,010 2,981 -29 -1.0% 20 to 64 Working 7,510 7,407 -103 -1.4% 65 to

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House_Appropriation_Response_Letter_3_17_2021.pdf

to 28% in 2018. Youth Use All four states reported that current marijuana use remained steady or declined for high school students over the time frames considered. The Washington State Healthy Youth Survey reported marijuana use declined from 10% to 7% increased from 8.7% in 2015-2016 to 10.4% in 2017-2018. State Youth Current Marijuana Use Colorado High school students' marijuana use declined from 22.0% in 2011 to 19.4% in 2017. Washington 12th-grade marijuana use remained

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Five_Year_Outlook_Presentation_2022.pdf

of the Congressional Budget Office on June 3, 2019. Previously, he was a professor at the University of Maryland’s School of Public Policy and a visiting scholar at the American Enterprise Institute and the Milken Institute. He has also taught at Northwestern University, the University of Chicago’s Booth School of Business, and Georgetown University. From 2006 to 2009, Dr. Swagel was Assistant Secretary for Economic Policy at the Treasury

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Five_Year_Outlook_2017_PSERS_State_Share_Update.pdf

Share of PSERS Employer Contributions Date: December 12, 2017 On December 8, 2017, the Board of Trustees of the Public School Employees’ Retirement System (PSERS) certified an employer contribution rate of 33.43 percent for the fiscal year (FY) 2018-19 88 1.2 1.2 2022-23 37.25 36.32 -0.93 1.9 1.8 Source: The Public School Employees' Retirement System. PSERS Employer Rate 1 Updated PSERS Employer Contribution Rates % Change in Rate 2 1 Expressed as a

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EPLC_April_2024.pdf

Revenues IFO Estimate Spending Exec Bud Amount Tax Skill Games $380 Basic Education Funding $1,072 Minimum Wage Increase $75 School Environmental Repairs $300 Tax Adult Use Cannabis $260 School Safety and Security (Mental Health) $100 Transfer to PTTF ($283) PASSHE & Community Colleges $127 PHEAA Student and Family Affordability (FY25-

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Demographics_Outlook_2022.pdf

to remain flat in the near term and decrease slightly in the long term (-0.1% per annum).  The school age cohort (age 0 to 19) declined 0.4% per annum from 2010 to 2020 and is projected to decline Group | Page 6 Dependency Ratios Working-age residents remit the majority of state tax revenues that support dependents who attend school and elderly residents who require dedicated healthcare services. Demographers use two metrics known as dependency ratios to illustrate the relationships

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Demographics_Outlook_2021.pdf

and is projected to grow slightly in the near term (0.1% per annum) and remain flat long term. ▪ The school age cohort (age 0 to 19) declined 0.5% per annum from 2010 to 2020 and is projected to decline Age Group | Page 6 Dependency Ratios Working-age residents remit the majority of state tax revenues that support dependents attending school and elderly residents who require dedicated healthcare services. Demographers use two metrics known as dependency ratios to illustrate the relationships

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Demographics_Outlook_2020.pdf

the near term (-0.1 percent per annum) and long term (-0.2 percent per annum).  The school age cohort (age 0 to 19) has declined 0.6 percent per annum from 2015 to 2020 and is projected to contract Page 6 Dependency Ratios Working-age residents remit the majority of state tax revenues that support dependents attending school and elderly residents who require dedicated healthcare services. 4 Demographers use two metrics known as dependency ratios to illustrate the relationships between

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County-Prop-Tax-RB.pdf

457 in property taxes, or 3.4 percent of total household income. This figure includes all types of property taxes: school district, county and municipal. Based on property tax collection data reported by the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE) and Department of Community and Economic Development (DCED), the IFO estimates that 70 percent of total property tax is levied by school districts and 30 percent is levied by counties and municipalities. Table 1 (next page) provides the aforementioned data with further

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WJ-Presentation-Natural-Gas-7-14-20.pdf

FY19-20, projected to decline further in FY20-21.  IFO to release report estimating local revenue losses (county, municipal, school). Recent Trends – Decline and Deceleration July 14, 2020 10 2018 2019 2020 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Production

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TC_Board_Hearing_Jan_24_2022.pdf

Donor Waitlist (Excess Supply): $137 million untapped | ~1,000 firms ▪ Modest State Savings: ~$350 per student that switches to private school ▪ No Published Data: academic outcomes, income and demographics Recommendations ▪ Reduce retention for administrative and other costs to 5-10% from

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TC_2021_Video_Game_Production.pdf

state spending is reduced by 20 percent to reflect the fact that the portion used to pay state or public school employee compensation includes pension contributions and employer and employee payroll taxes, which do not have immediate implications for the state

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TC_2021_Keystone_Special_Development_Zones_Update.pdf

state spending is reduced by 20 percent to reflect the fact that the portion used to pay state or public-school employee compensation includes pension contributions and employer and employee payroll taxes, which do not have immediate implications for the state

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TC_2020_Organ and Bone Marrow Donation Tax Credit.pdf

purpose of living organ or bone marrow donation. 12 Arkansas, California and Delaware extend these requirements to public school employees. Two states (Cal- ifornia and Hawaii) require private employers to provide separate paid leave to employees who donate an organ or

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TC_2019_Film_Production_Tax_Credit_Report.pdf

a firm that is located outside the state. 12 Georgia Tax Expenditure Report, Fiscal Research Center, Andrew Young School of Policy Studies at Georgia State University, various years. 2007 2012 2017 Number AAGR Number AAGR California 126,599 120,271 122

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TCJA-Update-August-2018.pdf

will reduce total federal income taxes by $189 billion for federal fiscal year (FFY) 2018- 19, while the UPenn Wharton School estimates a reduction of $169 billion. 1 Based on other federal tax data, the IFO estimates that the Pennsylvania share

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State_Tax_Comparison_2024_02.pdf

ranks states based on the amount of property tax per capita. Property tax includes levies by the state, county, municipality, school district or special purpose entity. For Pennsylvania, nearly all property taxes are levied at the local level. Pennsylvania ranked 25

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State_Tax_Comparison_2023_02.pdf

states based on the ratio of property tax to personal income. Property tax includes levies by the state, county, municipality, school district or special purpose entity. For Pennsylvania, nearly all property taxes are levied at the local level. Pennsylvania ranked 27

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State_Tax_Comparison_2022_01.pdf

states based on the ratio of property tax to personal income. Property tax includes levies by the state, county, municipality, school district or special purpose entity. For Pennsylvania, nearly all property taxes are levied at the local level. Pennsylvania ranked 26

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State_Tax_Comparison_2020_11.pdf

on the ratio of property tax to personal income. Property tax includes levies by the state, county, municipality, school district or special purpose entity. For Pennsylvania, nearly all property taxes are levied at the local level. Pennsylvania ranked 25 th for

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State-Tax-Comparison-2020-01.pdf

on the ratio of property tax to personal income. Property tax includes levies by the state, county, municipality, school district or special purpose entity. For Pennsylvania, nearly all property taxes are levied at the local level. Pennsylvania ranked 24 th for

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State and Local Tax Burden Study.pdf

Allegheny County (1 percent) and Philadelphia County (2 percent). Property tax includes levies by the state, county, municipality, school district or special purpose entity. For Pennsylvania, nearly all property taxes are levied at the local level. 3 See http://www.census

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SR2017-03.pdf

states based on the ratio of property tax to personal income. Property tax includes levies by the state, county, municipality, school district or special purpose entity. For Pennsylvania, nearly all property taxes are levied at the local level. Pennsylvania ranked 20

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Senate_Appropriations_Committee_Response_Letter_2023.pdf

3% in 2023 and 0.4% in 2024) and decline in the long term (-0.5% through 2030). However, the school-age cohort (age 0 to 19) declines 6.6% from 2022 to 2030 and the working-age cohort (age 20

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Revenue_Proposal_Analysis_2024_03.pdf

reduction for a 10.0% increase in the effective wage paid. Lower-wage workers are disproportionately younger (e.g., high school and college age), so the analysis assumes higher (larger negative) elasticities at lower wage rates. Research finds that employment of

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Revenue_Estimate_2023_06.pdf

The government sector contracted by 19,000 payroll jobs (-2.7%). Notable contractions occurred for the local government-municipal (excludes school districts, -11,300, -6.2%) and state govern- ment-education (i.e., public post-secondary institutions, -4,800, -8.7%

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Revenue_Estimate_2022_06.pdf

government sector contracted by 30,000 payroll jobs (-4.2%). Notable contractions occurred for the local government-education (i.e., school districts, -9,000, -3.2%) and state government- education (i.e., public post-secondary institutions, -8,000, -14.3%) subsectors

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Revenue_Estimate_2022_05.pdf

government sector contracted by 33,000 payroll jobs (-4.5%). Notable contractions occurred for the local government-education (i.e., school districts, -11,000, -3.9%) and state government- education (i.e., public post-secondary institutions, -11,000, -17.7%) subsectors

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Revenue-Estimate-2023-05.pdf

The government sector contracted by 23,500 payroll jobs (-3.3%). Notable contractions occurred for the local government-municipal (excludes school districts, -11,000, -6.1%) and state govern- ment-education (i.e., public post-secondary institutions, -7,300, -11.7%

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Revenue-Estimate-2019-05.pdf

the Emergency Impact Aid Program, (2) $15 million in the Preschool Development Grants and (3) $10 million in School Improvement Grants. Department of Health For FY 2019-20, the Department of Health requests authority to spend up to $579 million in

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Response-Letter-9-30-2019.pdf

a windfall from the increased tax rate and are not reduced for Department of Revenue administrative costs. Options to Fund School District Property Tax Elimination 5 Retirement income tax of 4.92 percent (3.07 percent state tax and 1.85

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Response-Letter-09-06-2019.pdf

transmitted by the Independent Fiscal Office (IFO) on August 16, 2019. 1 The new request provides a proposed rebate for school district property taxes paid up to $5,000 for homeowners age 65 or older with household incomes of $60,000

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RB_2024_04_Job_Change.pdf

the prior year. The government sector expanded by 12,900 (+1.9%) payroll jobs due to employment growth at local school districts (4,700) and federal (3,200) jobs. The accommodation-food service sector expanded by 15,000 (+3.4%) payroll

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RB_2024_03_Child_Care.pdf

Note: Appropriations are the budgeted amounts for each FY in dollar millions. SSBG is Social Services Block Grant. Other includes School Age, COVID-SFR Child Care Stabilization and Head Start Collaboration Project. 1 FY 2023-24 includes a recommended $14.7

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RB_2023_07_Inflation_Impact.pdf

impacted real earnings for Pennsylvania workers and pensions received by annuitants of the State Employees Retirement System (SERS) and Pennsylvania School Employees Retirement System (PSERS). The first table reproduces the methodology used by the BLS to compute the growth of U

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RB_2022_10_Worker_Shortage.pdf

to discourage labor force participation. Potential factors that could motivate labor force contraction include: long-term demographic trends, increased home schooling, care of elderly parents reluctant to enter nursing homes, recent accumulation of savings and wealth due to inflated asset markets

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RB_2022_06_Act_105_Pre-Funding_Impact.pdf

of a one-time advance payment. The act excludes specific employers such as the Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission, the State Public School Building Authority and the Delaware River Basin Commission (among others). Because Act 120 of 2010 bars executive agencies from issuing

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RB_2020_12_PPP_Loans_to_PA_Businesses.pdf

total loans.  For non-profits, 9,183 firms or entities received loans of $1.9 billion. Non-profits include schools, social assistance organizations and houses of worship.  Pass through firms (S corporations, partnerships, sole proprietors and LLCs) received $11

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RB-2016-02.pdf

services to resi‐ dents and communities with funding, information and other resources for arts organizations, arts programs and projects, artists, schools, educational and community or‐ ganizations. Grants to the Arts $8,179 $8,590 Supports the arts (e.g., music, dance

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RB-2015-04.pdf

occupation who have similar characteristics such as part‐ or full‐time status, age, and private or public employer (e.g., school teachers). The great majority of these adjustments yield an implicit hourly wage that exceeds the proposed higher minimum wage. 7

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PSBA Webinar - IFO - Act5_Actuarial.pdf

Actuarial Impact of Act 5 of 2017 Presentation to the Pennsylvania School Boards Association Independent Fiscal Office Mark J. Ryan, Deputy Director June 28, 2017 6/28/2017 1 Unfunded Liability Rates

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Press_Release_2018_Economic_and_Budget_Outlook.pdf

three factors drive lower growth in expenditures: (1) SERS and PSERS employer contribution rates stabilize, (2) a contraction of the school age population restrains the growth of Pre-K-12 expenditures and (3) the aging of the Commonwealth’s workforce (high

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Presentation_PICPA_9-24-2013.pdf

Known as Proposal A – 1994. o Higher Sales (4.0% to 6.0%) and Other taxes. o Eliminates most local school operating property tax for homesteads. o But no taxation of services. 24 . Sept . 2013 24 Five-Year Outlook Report Table

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Presentation_Phil_Chamber_2-12-2015.pdf

SB 76 – Property Tax Reform. • Medicaid Expansion. • Film Tax Credits. • Taxation of Natural Gas in Pennsylvania. • Consolidation of York County School Districts. Other Products and Releases 12.Feb.2015 4 Revenues and Deficits Budget Timelines Year-to-Date Performance Revisions to

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Presentation_Pension_Town_Hall_3-26-2015.pdf

Role of the Independent Fiscal Office.  Snapshots of the major state pension plans: • State Employees’ Retirement System (SERS). • Public School Employees’ Retirement System (PSERS).  Useful terms in the pension debate: • Defined benefit plans. • Act 120, rate collars and annual

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Presentation_PA_Bus_Council_6-22-15.pdf

tobacco products. 22.Jun.2015 6 Executive Budget: Revenue Raisers 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 School Property Tax Relief $0 -$2,732 -$2,732 -$2,732 -$2,732 Philadelphia Tax Relief 1 0 -452 -452 -452

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Presentation-2018-10-Performance-Based-Budget-Board.pdf

 PCCD  6 activities focusing on victim services, juvenile justice system, delinquency prevention, research and strategic policy development and school safety  JCJC  3 activities focusing on support for juvenile court judges and juvenile probation departments, the Juvenile Justice

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PICPA_NPG_Presentation_2021_07.pdf

General Fund sources. Sources: Various reports issued by the Independent Fiscal Office, the State Employees' Retirement System and the Public School Employees' Retirement System. State Pension System Funding Comparison July 13, 2021 3 2014 2018 State Funded Ratio Rank Per Capita

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PBB_2021_PennDOT_REPORT_ADDENDUM.pdf

this activity supports free and subsidized transportation services that enable individuals who are transit-dependent to travel to medical appointments, school, work, stores and recrea- tional opportunities. The shared-ride program provides seniors and persons with disabilities access to ser- vices

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PBB_2020_PEMA_REPORT.pdf

57% 61% 82% 87% 87% % PEMA staff that are NIMS certified 2 1% 6% 58% 64% 75% 90% % Schools w/ high quality emergency operations plans 4 -- -- -- 7% 12% 18% Planning, Training and Outreach 2 NIMS is the National Incident Management System

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PBB_2019_DGS_Report.pdf

owned by the federal government to Pennsylvania government and tax-supported entities including fire departments, police depart- ments, school districts and emergency services.  Law Enforcement 1033 Program: This program transfers excess law enforcement property from the U.S. Department of

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PBB_2019_Criminal_Justice_Report.pdf

skills and prepare for more advanced sub- jects. All inmates who do not possess a GED or high school diploma are required to attend education programs. Programs within this activity include Multi-Level Education, Secondary/GED Education, English as a Second

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PBB-Overview-2019-01-22.pdf

7 activities focusing on criminal justice system improvements, victim services, juvenile justice and delinquency prevention, sheriff and constable training and school safety. January 22, 2019 8 Background  Pennsylvania’s state incarceration rate increased between 2006 and 2016, even though the

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PA_Chamber_June_17_2021.pdf

S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Widely Reported Worker Shortage Several factors could be relevant, but extra weekly benefits are key ▪ School is out | vaccinations available to nearly all ▪ Job openings rate highest on record | quit rate highest since 2000 ▪ Implies labor

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PACBI_Presentation_March_13_2023.pdf

Service Restaurants -18 Local Gov’t: municipals -10 Colleges and Universities -9 Non-Profits -9 Accommodation -8 Local Gov’t: school districts -7 All Other -4 Total -42 Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. 2019 Q4 vs 2022 Q4 excludes

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Official-Revenue-Estimate-2019-06.pdf

the Emergency Impact Aid Program, (2) $14 million in the Preschool Development Grants and (3) $10 million in School Improvement Grants. Department of Health For FY 2019-20, the Department of Health requests authority to spend up to $581 million in

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Newsstand_January_2020.pdf

benefits of targeted business tax incentives offered by state and local governments. A study conducted by economists at Columbia Business School and Princeton University found that the number of tax incentives has tripled over the last thirty years. The study estimates

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Newsstand_2018_November.pdf

website Governing finds that median (as opposed to average) real earnings for individuals with a bachelor’s degree or high school diploma declined for the first two quarters of 2018. The analysis also finds that the decline was somewhat larger for

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NCSL_PA_IFO_11_15_21.pdf

Avoiding the Fiscal Cliff ○ Managing one-time expenditures • Distinguishing budgets and projects • Non-recurring vs. recurring • Coordinating with municipalities and schools to manage funds ○ Long-term fiscal planning • Multi-year budgeting practices • Innovative, big picture goals achieved strategically (e.g., housing

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Municipal_Analysts_Presentation.pdf

1.5% -1.0% -0.5% 0.0% 0.5% 1.0% 1.5% 2.0% 2.5% 3.0% School 0-19 Working 20-64 Retired 65+ Total 2010-15 2015-20 2020-25 average annual growth rate October 19

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MTR-2017-08.pdf

3 Other research finds that nearly one-half of workers not in the labor force due to reasons other than school, retirement or disability, had taken an opioid the previous day. 4 Opioid abuse also reduces worker productivity and increases the

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MTR-2017-04.pdf

a higher education are more likely to move to urban areas, southern or coastal states, whereas those with a high school diploma are more likely to remain close to home. The graph confirms this trend, as the top five states where

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Monthly_Economic_Update_October_2020.pdf

recorded modest employment gains, while the government and education sectors reported accelerating losses which coincides with the start of the school year. Monthly Economic Update October 2020 Monthly Data Jun-20 Jul-20 Aug-20 Sep-20 Oct-20 Unemployment Rate

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Monthly_Economic_Update_May_2020.pdf

helped recover $200 billion of those losses. 2020 Q1 investment data for the State Employees’ Retirement System (SERS) and Public School Employees’ Retirement System (PSERS) are slated to be released at the end of June. Philadelphia Fed Releases Weekly Business Outlook

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Monthly_Economic_Update_March_2021.pdf

employment report. On a seasonally adjusted basis, the largest job gains occurred in the education sector (excludes elementary and secondary school employment), which added 14,000 jobs (+6.9%) in January returning to November 2020 levels. This may be due to

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Labor_Market_Update_Sept_2021.pdf

seasonally adjusted payroll jobs typically increase by 60,000 as many jobs are added in the education and government (local school districts) sectors, but are partially offset by losses in leisure-hospitality. For that reason, and because the data will reflect

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Labor_Market_Update_July_2021.pdf

seasonally adjusted payroll jobs typically decline in June due to reductions in the education (colleges and universities) and government (local school districts) sectors. The bottom portion of the table displays data for COVID-related traditional UC claims (excludes “normal” claims that

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Labor_Market_Update_Aug_2021.pdf

However, non-seasonally adjusted payroll jobs typically decline in July largely due to a reduction in the government sector (local school districts). The summer jobs contraction was smaller than normal, possibly due to reductions that have already occurred. The computed YOY

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IFO_Response_Letter_April_5_2023.pdf

the number of residents age 65 or older will grow by an average rate of 2.1% per annum and school district property taxes will grow by 4.0% per annum. 3 The latest year of publicly available data is for

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IFO_Pension_Analysis_Policies_(January_1_2024).pdf

facilitate an actuarial analysis with the impacted systems. Impacted systems could include: • The State Employees’ Retirement System (SERS) • The Public School Employees' Retirement System (PSERS) • The Pennsylvania Municipal Retirement System (PMRS) • County and Municipal Governments The IFO contracts with certified actuaries

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IFO_Hearing_Materials_Feb_22_2022.pdf

can be downloaded from the IFO website. Did the tax credit accomplish the legislative intent? Educational Tax Credits - The Public School Code expressly limits the data that DCED may collect related to the program. - Compared to other states, PA has the

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IFO_Hearing_8-30-2017.pdf

Year Economic and Budget Outlook (November 2016) • Natural Gas Production Report Quarter 3 (November 2016) • Impact Fee Estimate (January 2017) • School District Property Tax Forecast (January 2017) • Analysis of Recent Collective Bargaining Agreements (January 2017) • Quarterly Revenue Review (January 2017) • Mid-

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IFO-Presentation-11-14-2019.pdf

So does domestic out-migration  Majority of in-migrants from border states Continued dramatic change in age composition  School Age and Working Age cohorts continue to contract  Retirement wave continues | Begin to see dramatic increase in age 80

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House_State_Gov_Comm_Presentation_August_2021.pdf

by same amount. Sources: Various reports issued by the Independent Fiscal Office, the State Employees' Retirement System and the Public School Employees' Retirement System. Rate of Return Sensitivity Analysis August 19, 2021 4 SERS Employer Contributions PSERS Employer Contributions FYE 6

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House_Maj_Policy_Com_Testimony_June_8_2022.pdf

the rate of inflation. In some cases, this will increase the need for additional funds at the local level for school and county programs. • Any inflationary increase in FY 2022-23 and later will likely become a permanent part of future

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House Appropriation Response Letter 2-28-2020.pdf

Health Care Cost Containment, Lieutenant Governor, Milk Marketing Board, PA Infrastructure Investment, PA Municipal Retirement Board, PA Port Authorities, PA School Employees Retirement System (PSERS), Patient Safety Authority, and State Employees Retirement System (SERS). BY DEPARTMENT ($ millions) CreationDate: 2020-02-28

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Grow PA 12.3.2019.pdf

Average Ann Growth PA Demographic Forecast 2015 2020 2025 2015-20 2020-25 2015-20 2020-25 0 to 19 School Age 3,040 2,965 2,901 -75 -64 -0.5% -0.4% 20 to 64 Working Age 7,569

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FTA_Student_Loan_Presentation_Oct_2023.pdf

debt held by paying borrowers ▪ 55% of dollar amount | 46% of borrowers (2019) ▪ Others in default, deferment, forbearance, delinquent, in-school (next two slides) 2 Size of average monthly payment (for those paying) ▪ NYFRB (2019) $200 to $299 (“typical”) | NYFRB (2022

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Five_Year_Outlook_Presentation_2021.pdf

ends $300/wkends Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. CTC starts Labor Force Contraction Federal programs Childcare Eldercare Home schooling COVID concerns Savings cushion Lifestyle change Early retirements Labor Force = Employed + Unemployed Who Stopped Working? Not Just the Elderly November

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Econ Summit Presentation Feb 28 2017.pdf

3% 2.1% General Fund $30,127 $31,766 3.3% 5.4% Note: millions of dollars. PSERS is Public School Employees’ Retirement System and SERS is State Employees’ Retirement System. Source: IFO Five-Year Outlook Reports and Executive Budgets. Pensions

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Budget Hearings Packet.pdf

Year Economic and Budget Outlook (November 2016) • Natural Gas Production Report Quarter 3 (November 2016) • Impact Fee Estimate (January 2017) • School District Property Tax Forecast (January 2017) • Analysis of Recent Collective Bargaining Agreements (January 2017) • Quarterly Revenue Review (January 2017) • Mid-

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Budget Hearings Packet- Web Version.pdf

Year Economic and Budget Outlook (November 2016) • Natural Gas Production Report Quarter 3 (November 2016) • Impact Fee Estimate (January 2017) • School District Property Tax Forecast (January 2017) • Analysis of Recent Collective Bargaining Agreements (January 2017) • Quarterly Revenue Review (January 2017) • Mid-

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Pensions

2000) Service Purchase Authorizations for Pennsylvania Public Employee Retirement Systems (1997) Fiscal Impact of the Early Retirement Incentive for Public School Employees (1996) Feasibility of Early Retirement Incentives in the Public Sector (1995) Rate of Employer Contribution for the Alternate Retirement

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Pensions

IFO - Pensions IFO IFO • Latest Releases • Revenue Estimates • Revenue & Economic Update • Performance Budgeting • Energy • Pension Analysis • Property Tax • Wage Contracts • Tax Credit Review • Economics and Other • Data • Right-to-Know • About • About IFO • Job Opportunities • Contact IFO • Email Subscription • Links • Follow on Twitter • • Pensions Legislation Enacted Municipal Pension Legislation Enacted Since 2001 School and State Pension Legislation Enacted Since 2001 PA Public Employee Pension Statutes Public Employee Retirement Laws For Pennsylvania Local Governments

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Pensions

County Borough & Township Fire City - Fire City - Nonuniformed City - Police Miscellaneous Penna. Municipal Retirement System Philadelphia City Pittsburgh City Public School Employes' Retirement System Scranton City State Employees' Retirement System (Hold Ctrl to select multiple items) Legislative Subject Actuarial Reporting Administrative

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About IFO

revenues from the gross receipts and inheritance taxes. Other responsibilities include working on projects related to natural gas, energy and school district property taxes. Robyn Toth Fiscal Analyst/Communications Ms. Toth joined the IFO in 2017 and her primary responsibilities include

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